具潜在毒性微量元素与燃煤污染型砷中毒关系

目的 探讨砷、铝、铅、镉、汞、锂6种具潜在毒性微量元素与燃煤污染型地方性砷中毒的关系。方法 选择贵州省兴仁交乐病区砷暴露者(包括病区非病人及轻、中、重度患者)139例为暴露组,距病区约13 km非砷污染村34名村民为对照组;电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定燃煤、土壤、大米、玉米、辣椒、头发、尿液和血液中上述6种元素含量。结果 病区燃煤、土壤、玉米和辣椒中砷含量分别为4.894、146.551、0.522和1.440 mg/kg,土壤中铝、镉、锂含量分别为4.510、8.895和65.778 mg/kg,均高于对照区(P<0.05或P<0.01);暴露组头发中砷、铝、铅、镉、锂含量分别为1.985、63.201、3.323、0.115和0.201μg/g,尿砷含量为149.593μg/g Cr,均高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);尿铅含量为44.039μg/g Cr,低于对照组(P<0.01);发砷、尿砷、发铝、发铅、发镉、发锂、尿铅与病情发展的相关系数分别为0.361、0.340、0.414、0.168、0.332、0.292和-0.279(P<0.05或P<0.01);发铝、发铅、发镉与发砷的相关系数分别为0.229、0.367和0.352(P<0.01)。结论 除砷外,病区土壤中铝、镉、锂含量偏高,暴露组发铝、镉、锂变化与环境变化趋势一致,且与病情发展有一定联系;病区环境中铅含量未见改变,但暴露组发铅升高,尿铅降低,砷暴露可能是抑制铅排泄的原因之一。

Effects of toxic trace elements on arsenic poisoning caused by coal-burning

Objective To investigate the effects of toxic trace elements such as aluminum, lead, cadmium, mercury, and lithium on a rsenic poisoning caused by coal-burning.Methods The exposed group included 139 arsenic exposed residents who were diagnosed with or without arsenism in an area polluted by arsenic coal-burning in Xingren county of Guizhou province.Control group included 34 residents who lived in an area 13 kilometers from the polluted area.Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry was used to determine the toxic element contents in coal, soil, rice, corn, chilli, hair, urine, and blood.Results Arsenic contents in coal, soil, corn, and chilli from the polluted area were 4.894, 146.551, 0.522, and 1.440m g/kg and the contents of aluminum, cadmium, and lithium in soil were 4.510, 8.895, and 65.778mg/kg, respectively, and significantly higher than those in control area(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The contents of arsenic, a luminum, lead, cadmium, and lithium in the hair and urine arsenic level of exposed group were 1.985, 63.201, 3.323, 0.115, and 0.201 μg/g and 149.593 μg/g Cr, which were significantly higher than those in the control group and positively correlated with the progression of arsenism (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The urine lead level(44.039 μg/g Cr) in exposed group was significantly lower and negatively corre lated with the progression of arsenism (P<0.01).The levels of a luminum, lead, and cadmium in the hair were positively correlated with hair arsenic level(P<0.01).Conclusion High soil a luminum, cadmium, and lithium exist simultaneously in a rsenic polluted area.The changes of the elements in exposed subjects conforme to the changes of a rsenic in pollution area and are associated with the progression of arsenism caused by coal burning.Lead accumulation in exposed group may be partly attributed to lead excretion inhibition caused by arsenic exposure.