神经内科患者医院感染特点与致病菌调查

目的了解医院神经内科住院患者医院感染特点及其致病菌分布。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对医院神经内科连续3年住院患者医院感染情况及其致病菌分布进行了调查与分析。结果该医院神经内科3年共收治住院患者4 284例,发生医院感染153例,感染率为3.57%。感染部位以上呼吸道为主,占58.2%。患者的年龄、意识障碍、住院时间较长、吸痰和导尿等侵入性操作等是医院感染主要危险因素。感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,其中大肠埃希菌占首位,为51.90%。结论该医院神经内科患者医院感染率较高,并呈逐年上升趋势,危险因素和致病菌无特殊规律,建议结合调查结果有针对性地加强感染控制措施。

SURVEY ON THE INFECTIOUS CHARACTERISTICS AND PATHOGENIC DISTRIBUTION OF INTERNAL NEUROLOGICAL INPATIENTS

Objective To understand the infectious characteristics and pathogenic distribution of internal neurological inpatients.Methods The retrospective investigation was used to investigate and to analyze the infectious cases and pathogenic distribution of the internal neurological inpatients hospitalized in consecutive three years.Results 4 284 inpatients were accepted and treated by this hospital in consecutive three years.There were 153 cases of hospital infections happened and the infection rate was 3.57%.The mainly infection site was upper respiratory tract which accounted for 58.2% of infections.The major risk factors included age of patients,awareness barrier,longer in-hospital time and some invasive operation such as sputum sucking,urethral catheterization etc.The gram negative bacteria were the mainly infectious pathogen and Escherichia coli accounted for 51.90%.Conclusion The hospital infection rate of the internal neurological patients is very high and takes on a rising trend year by year.There is no specific regularity of the critical factors and pathogens,so effective measures come from investigation result should be strengthened.