Estrogen and estrogen receptor signaling promotes allergic immune responses: Effects on immune cells,cytokines, and inflammatory factors involved in allergy |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC;2. Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC;3. Department of Dermatology, Northwest Hospital, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China;4. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China;5. Western Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Albany, Calif;1. Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;2. Instituto de Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;3. Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal;4. Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, EPE, Lisbon, Portugal;5. Nova Medical School, CEDOC, Integrated Pathophysiological Mechanisms Research Group, Lisbon, Portugal;1. ENT Dept, University Hospital Centre “Sestre milosrdnice”, Zagreb School of Medicine Zagreb, Croatia;2. Endo Lab, University Hospital Centre “Sestre milosrdnice” Zagreb, Croatia;3. Royal National TNE Hospital, London, United Kingdom;1. The Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY;2. Immunology Institute and Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY |
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| Abstract: | Hypersensitivity occurs when the body is stimulated by an antigen, resulting in an immune response, and leads to a physiological disorder or abnormal tissue trauma. Various immune cells, cytokines, and inflammatory mediators are involved in the immune responses related to allergic diseases, which are the core of anaphylaxis. Estrogen receptors are widely distributed in immune cells, which combine with estrogen and participate in allergic responses by affecting immune cells, cytokines, and inflammatory factors. We aimed to summarize the association between estrogen and allergic reactions to provide a scientific basis for understanding and studying the mechanisms of allergic diseases. |
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| Keywords: | Allergic disease Estrogen Estrogen receptor Immune cells |
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