血清学标志阴性的慢性肝炎患者病理与临床

目的了解血清学标志阴性的慢性肝炎患者病理与临床特征。方法对62例血清学标志阴性反复肝功能异常的肝炎患者进行血清肝炎病毒学检测、肝穿刺病理和免疫组化检查、肝功能和凝血功能检查,对其中乙肝患者采用荧光定量PCR方法检测血清乙肝病毒DNA（HBVDNA）。结果62例患者临床诊断与病理诊断的符合率为53．2％,慢性肝炎轻度的符合率较高为69．1％。62例患者肝组织免疫组化检查示28例（45．2％）HBsAg和／或HBcAg阳性,可确诊为乙型肝炎。28例乙肝患者肝组织病理均有炎症病变,其中G1最高占13例（46．4％）,其次G2占10例（35．7％）,G4最少占2例（7．1％）;肝纤维化分期S0占12例（42．9％）,S1占7例（25％）,S4最少占1例（3．6％）。28例患者中10例（35．7％）检测血清HBVDNA阳性,平均（3．3±2．2）×10^3拷贝／ml,肝脏炎症分级及纤维化分期各组之间血清HBVDNA定量水平比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。HBVDNA阳性和阴性患者的各项指标比较差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。乙肝患者和非乙肝患者各项指标比较差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。结论血清学标志阴性HBV感染仍是我国原因不明肝病的主要病因之一,且多为慢性肝炎,HBVDNA仍低水平复制,临床表现轻,炎症分级和纤维化程度较轻,但仍可发展为肝硬化。

The histopathologic and clinical analysis of viral chronic hepatitis patients with negative serological viral markers

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the histopathological and clinical features of viral chronic hepatitis patients with negative serological viral markers. METHODS: 62 hepatitis patients with negative serological markers were assayed with serological viral hepatitis markers, liver function test and liver biopsies were enrolled in the study. Serum HBV DNA of HBV cases was analyzed by PCR. Liver specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry for HBsAg and HBcAg. RESULTS: The fit rate of histopathological diagnosis with clinical diagnosis is 53.2%, the fit rate is 69.1% in moderate chronic hepatitis group. The immunohistochemistry showed that HBsAg and/or HBeAg positive rate was 45.2%, 53.6% had moderate chronic hepatitis and 25% had mild hepatitis. 13 (46.4%) had G1 hepatitis, 10 (35.7%) had G2 hepatitis, 3 (10.8%) had G3 hepatitis and 2 (7.1%) had G4 hepatitis, and serum HBV DNA positive rate was 35.7%. There were no differences in HBV DNA levels between different hepatitis group and fibrosis stage group (P > 0.05). There were no differences in all indexes between HBV DNA negative group and HBV DNA positive group (P > 0.05). There were no differences in all indexes between HBV patients and other patients (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Occult HBV infection may account for a high proportion of the cases with chronic hepatitis of unknown etiology. Most patients are chronic mild hepatitis, but they still have HBV replication and can progress to liver cirrhosis. Serum PCR test, liver biopsy and immunohistochemistry are helpful for the diagnosis.