支气管扩张症的影像诊断

目的对支气管扩张的X线平片、CT和高分辨CT（HRCT）征象做评价及对比。方法收集手术病理证实支扩32例,分别摄有胸部正侧位片,常规CT扫描和HRCT扫描。分别评价其影像特点,并对照其显示范围、程度、部位。结果 32例中,胸正位片诊断22例,漏诊率为31%（10/32）,显示病变程度与病理对照均有不同程度减低,22例中,有11例未能显示所有病变部位。32例中CT诊断29例,漏诊率为9.3%（3/32）,29例中有4例未能显示所有病变部位,有6例未能显示粘液嵌塞。32例中HRCT诊断32例,并能显示所有病变部位,显示病变程度与病理对照均基本一致,常规CT可疑者HRCT清晰显示了支气管扩张的部位、类型和范围。结论常规CT较平片显示率明显增高。HRCT诊断支气管扩张具有更高的敏感性、特异性及准确性,可作为诊断支气管扩张的首选检查方法。

Imaging diagnosis of bronchiectasis

Objective To compare and analysis the features of X-ray plain film,CT and HRCT of bronchiectasis.Methods 32 cases with bronchiectasis proved by surgery and pathology had taken X-ray plain film,routine CT and HRCT scan.To analysis the features of imaging.Results The misdiagnostic rate was high（n=10/32）,and the degree lesion was low compare with pathology in X-ray plain film.CT scan provided more diagnostic information,but it was not easy to show location（n=4） and bronch mucoid impaction（n=6） between bronchiectasis with bronch mucoid impaction with CT scan.the extent degree and location of bronchiectasis can be showed on HRCT compare with pathology.Conclusion The rate showed of bronchiectasis in routine CT is highen than that of plain film.The HRCT scan has higher sensibility,specificity and accuracy for diagnosing bronchiectasis,and it can be used as the best choice of diagnosing bronchiectasis.