脑卒中患者医院感染研究分析

目的 通过对脑卒中患者医院感染情况的研究分析，探讨其发生医院感染的相关因素。方法 回顾性分析某院1996年1月～2002年12月收治的1265例脑卒中患者的临床资料。结果 1265例脑卒中患者的医院感染发生率为10．99％，脑出血、脑梗死患者的医院感染发生率分别为13．20％，9．93％；感染部位以呼吸道最常见(6．96％)，其次为泌尿道感染(4．35％)；感染病原菌以铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌和真菌最常见；感染的发生与年龄，有无意识障碍、糖尿病史、吸烟史、预防性应用抗菌药物、皮质激素的使用、侵袭性操作、鼻饲密切相关，而与性别、饮酒史无关。结论 脑卒中患者是医院感染的高发人群，应针对危险因素采取措施，降低其医院感染率。

Analysis of nosocomial infections in patients with stroke

Objective To evaluate the correlated factors which cause the infection in patients with stroke. Methods A total of 1 265 stroke patients were analyzed retrospectively from January in 1996 to December in 2002. Results The total infection rate was 10.99% , the infection rates of patients with cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction were 13.20% and 9.93% , respectively. The respiratory tract was the most frequent infection site ( 6.96% ), followed by the urinary tract ( 4.35% ); Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Fungi were the most frequent pathogens; the occurrence of infections were associated with age, disturbance of consciousness, diabetes, smoking, antimicrobial agents, and glucocorticoid usage, invasive procedure and nasal feeding. Conclusion The stroke patients were high risk population for developing nosocomial infection, infection rate can be reduced by taking measures according to the risk factors.