健听儿童与听障儿童韵母/a/及其鼻韵母声学参数的比较研究

目的 探索用于鼻腔共鸣功能客观评估的频域维度声学参数.方法 采用三因素混合实验设计,比较健听儿童韵母/a/及其相关鼻韵母的鼻部第一共振峰(NF1);采用两独立样本t检验的统计方法,比较健听儿童和听障儿童韵母/a/及其相关鼻韵母的鼻部第一共振峰.结果 ①韵母/a/和其相关鼻韵母的NF1存在显著性差异,可以作为鉴别韵母/a/中是否含有鼻音的参数;②健听儿童和存在鼻音功能亢进的听障儿童韵母/a/的NF1存在显著差异,且前者的参数值远大于后者;③健听儿童和存在鼻音功能低下听障儿童的相关鼻韵母的NF1存在显著差异,且前者的参数值远小于后者.结论 对听障儿童进行鼻腔共鸣功能评估与训练时,可以将韵母/a/及其相关鼻韵母作为材料,采用其鼻部第一共振峰作为评估和监控的参数.

A Comparative Study on the Acoustic Parameters of/a/,/an/and/ang/in Children with Normal and Impaired Hearing

Objective To explore the acoustic parameters for the objective assessment of nasal resonance function. Methods The first nasal formants （NF1） of lal, /an/ and /ang/ in children with normal hearing were compared through a three-factor mixed experimental design. The t-test for two independent samples was used to compare the first nasal formants of /a/, /an/ and /ang/ between normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children. Results （1）There were significant differences in NF1 between /a/, /an/ and /ang/, so the first nasal formants can be used to distinguish whether there were nasal parameters in /a/.（2）There was a significant difference in NF1 of /a/ between normal-hearing children and hearing-impaired children with hypernasality, and the former NF1 was much higher than the latter. （3）There was also a significant difference in NF1 of /an/ and /ang/ between normal-hearing children and hearing-impaired children with hypernasality, and the former NF1 was much lower than the latter.Conclusion The NF1 of /a/, /an/ and /ang/ can be used to assess and monitor the nasal resonance function of hearing-impaired children.