自体心房细胞移植治疗心肌梗死的实验研究

目的探讨自体心房细胞移植治疗心肌梗死的可能性。方法选实验用小型猪12头，结扎左前降支远端，制造心梗模型。同时取左心耳少量组织，酶解后体外培养扩增心房细胞。28d后将实验猪随机分为实验和对照两组。实验组将体外培养扩增的自体心房细胞移植至心梗区，对照组移植不含细胞的培养液。移植前和移植后4周，超声心动图分别测定两组的左室功能，进行统计学分析，同时检查心梗区移植细胞的存活情况。结果体外培养扩增得到的是包含心房肌细胞、平滑肌细胞、内皮细胞等的混合细胞，移植至心梗区后可显著提高射血分数值。心梗区免疫组化染色检查可见移植的心房细胞。结论自体心房细胞移植至心梗区可明显改善心功能，是较理想的心肌细胞移植备选细胞。

Study of autologous atrial cells transplantation into the infarcted myocardium

Objective Study of the probability of autologous cells transplantation into the infarcted myocardium. Methods In 12 minitype adult swine a myocardial infarction was created by occlusion of the distal left anterior descending coronary artery by surgical ligation. Porcine heart cells were isolated and cultured from the left atrial appendage at the time of infarction and grown in vitro for 28 days. Through a sternotomy, either cells (n=6) or culture medium (n=6) was injected into the infarct zone. Left ventricular function was assessed by echocardiography immediately before transplantation and 4 weeks thereafter. Results The cells cultured in vitro include cardiomyoctes, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Four weeks after cells transplantation, echocardiography demonstrated greater EF value in the pigs receiving transplantation than in control animals. Conclusion Autologous atrial cells transplantation improves left ventricular function after a myocardial infarction. It may be the optimal cells for cellular cardiomyoplasty.