3％盐酸甲哌卡因用于口腔局麻的有效性和安全性评价

目的:评价3%盐酸甲哌卡因在口腔局部麻醉中的有效性和安全性.方法:选取68例非高血压患者和36例轻、中度高血压患者,随机分为2组,分别使用3%盐酸甲哌卡因和2%利多卡因进行口腔局部麻醉,使用中心效应的COX回归方法比较2种药物的疗效指标.评价3%盐酸甲哌卡因的麻醉效果;使用SAS软件进行t检验比较2种药物的心率和血压变化,评价3%盐酸甲哌卡因药物的安全性.结果:(1)3%盐酸甲哌卡因的麻醉起效时间平均为111s,操作痛消失时间平均为212s麻醉持续时间平均为134min,与2%利多卡因疗效指标相似.2种药物之间无显著性差异;(2)注射药物后即刻、5min、10min及手术操作结束后,3%盐酸甲哌卡因与2%利多卡因之间的收缩压无显著差异(P>0.05),而舒张压和心率有显著差异(P<0.05).结论:3%盐酸甲哌卡因具有起效速度快、麻醉效果强的特点,毒性和副作用小,不良反应少见,对心血管的影响小.

Efficacy and safety of 3% mepivacaine hydrochloride injection for oral local anesthesia

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of 3% mepivacaine hydrochloride injection for oral local anesthesia. METHODS: 68 non-hypertension patients and 36 hypertension patients were randomly divided into 2 groups for local anesthesia. 2% lidocaine with adrenaline in same cartridge was as contro1 group and 3% mepivacaine was as the experimental group. The onset time,duration and pain-free time of 2 anaesthetics were examined. The blood pressure and heart rate change, neural reaction and side effect of 2 groups were observed. SAS software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: In the mepivacaine group, the average onset time was 111s, the duration time was 212s and pain-free time was 134min ,which was similar to those of 2% lidocaine. Immediately after injection, 5 minutes and 10 minutes after injection of anesthesia, and post-operation, there were no significant changes in the systolic blood pressures between 2% lidocaine group and 3% mepivacaine group (Pgt;0.05), but there were significant changes in diastolic blood pressures and heart rate (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: 3% mepivacaine has quick onset, ideal anesthetic effect and little side effect on cardiovascular system.