单节段与短节段椎弓根螺钉固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折

目的 探讨后路单节段经伤椎固定治疗脊柱胸腰段不完全爆裂骨折的可行性、安全性和疗效.方法 回顾分析2005年4月至2010年1月脊柱胸腰段不完全爆裂骨折资料共56例,其中单节段固定组28例,短节段固定组28例.比较两组患者手术时间,出血量,术前、术后视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分和伤椎后凸角等.结果 单节段固定组手术平均时间(93±20)min;平均术中出血量(184±64)ml;伤椎后凸角术前17°±10°,术后1周7°±7°,末次随访时10°±7°;VAS评分术前7.6±1.5,术后1周2.4±0.8,末次随访1.5±0.9;术后未发现相邻节段退变征象.短节段固定组手术平均时间(102±30)min;平均术中出血量(203±88)ml;伤椎后凸角术前17°±9°,术后1周7°±7°,末次随访8°±5°;VAS评分术前6.8±1.3,术后1周3.1±0.5,末次随访1.2±0.7;1例患者术后36个月随访时出现固定相邻节段的退变.两组间手术时间,出血量,术前、术后1周及末次随访时伤椎后凸角和VAS评分相比差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组术后1周及末次随访时VAS评分较术前均有明显改善,伤椎后凸角度术后1周及末次随访时较术前明显减小,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 单节段经伤椎固定治疗脊柱胸腰段不完全爆裂骨折安全、有效,但在术中出血量、手术时间、术后VAS评分改善和伤椎后凸角恢复方面与短节段固定组无显著差异.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the safety and therapeutic effects of monosegment pedicle instrumentation in treating incomplete thoracolumbar burst fracture. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 56 inpatients with incomplete thoracolumbar burst fracture ( AO classification: A3. 1 and A3.2) from April 2005 to January 2010. There were 28 cases were fixed with monosegment pedicle instrumentation (MSPI), 28 cases were fixed with short segment pedicle instrumentation (SSPI). The operative time, blood loss, visual analogue scale(VAS) and vertebral kyphotic angle(VK) before and after surgery were evaluated. Results In the group of MSPI, the mean operative time was (93 ± 20) min; the intraoperative blood loss was (184 ±64) ml; the VK angle was 17°± 10° before operation, 7°±7° at one week after operation, and 10°±7° at latest follow-up; VAS score was 7. 6 ± 1.5 before operation, 2. 4 ±0. 8at one week after operation, and 1.5 ± 0. 9 at latest follow-up; no adjacent segment degeneration was found. In the group of SSPI, the operative time was ( 102 ±30) min; the intraoperative blood loss was (203±88) ml; the VK angle was 17°±9° before operation, 7°±7° at one week after operation, and 8°±5° at latest follow-up; VAS score was 6. 8 ± 1.3 before operation, 3. 1 ± 0. 5 at one week after operation, and 1.2 ±0. 7 at latest follow-up. One case of adjacent segment degeneration was found in 36 months after operation. There were no significantly statistical differences between two groups in operative time, blood loss,VAS score and VK angle before and after surgery ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The VAS score and VK angle at one week after surgery and latest follow-up all decreased obviously than preoperative ones in both groups( P ＜0. 05 ).Conclusions MSPI for incomplete thoracolumbar burst fracture is effective and safe. The operative blood loss, the mean operative time, the improvement of VAS score and the VK angle in group MSPI are equal to those in group SSPI.

The treatment of monosegmental fixation and short-segment fixation on thoracolumbar burst fracture a retrospective controlled study

Objective To investigate the safety and therapeutic effects of monosegment pedicle instrumentation in treating incomplete thoracolumbar burst fracture. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 56 inpatients with incomplete thoracolumbar burst fracture ( AO classification: A3. 1 and A3.2) from April 2005 to January 2010. There were 28 cases were fixed with monosegment pedicle instrumentation (MSPI), 28 cases were fixed with short segment pedicle instrumentation (SSPI). The operative time, blood loss, visual analogue scale(VAS) and vertebral kyphotic angle(VK) before and after surgery were evaluated. Results In the group of MSPI, the mean operative time was (93 ± 20) min; the intraoperative blood loss was (184 ±64) ml; the VK angle was 17°± 10° before operation, 7°±7° at one week after operation, and 10°±7° at latest follow-up; VAS score was 7. 6 ± 1.5 before operation, 2. 4 ±0. 8at one week after operation, and 1.5 ± 0. 9 at latest follow-up; no adjacent segment degeneration was found. In the group of SSPI, the operative time was ( 102 ±30) min; the intraoperative blood loss was (203±88) ml; the VK angle was 17°±9° before operation, 7°±7° at one week after operation, and 8°±5° at latest follow-up; VAS score was 6. 8 ± 1.3 before operation, 3. 1 ± 0. 5 at one week after operation, and 1.2 ±0. 7 at latest follow-up. One case of adjacent segment degeneration was found in 36 months after operation. There were no significantly statistical differences between two groups in operative time, blood loss,VAS score and VK angle before and after surgery ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The VAS score and VK angle at one week after surgery and latest follow-up all decreased obviously than preoperative ones in both groups( P ＜0. 05 ).Conclusions MSPI for incomplete thoracolumbar burst fracture is effective and safe. The operative blood loss, the mean operative time, the improvement of VAS score and the VK angle in group MSPI are equal to those in group SSPI.