儿童过敏性紫癜901例临床分析

目的 探讨近年来儿童过敏性紫癜(HSP)患病率和临床表现特点的变化.方法 回顾性分析我院儿科1995年1月至2005年12月住院的901例过敏性紫癜患儿的临床资料.结果 ①1995-2005年每年HSP住院构成比依次为23/2165(1.06%)、29/2098(1.38%)、24/1973(1.22%)、39/2008(1.94%)、54/2433(2.22%)、86/2611(3.29%)、94/2724(3.45%)、99/3014(3.28%)、138/2900(4.76%)、143/3177(4.50%)、172/3500(4.91%),呈逐年明显增高趋势;②48.6%的患儿有前驱感染史,4个家庭分别有2～3个亲属先后患本病.③部分患儿非典型起病,165例(18.31%)起病时皮肤无紫癜,其中90例以消化道症状起病,63例以关节症状起病,6例以肾受累症状起病,1例中枢神经症状起病,5例其他症状起病;14例以消化道症状起病的HSP患儿经胃镜检查呈胃、十二指肠黏膜小血管炎表现而于皮肤紫癜出现前拟诊.④95例(10.5%)有皮肤、关节、消化道、肾脏以外的系统受累,其中中枢神经系统受累30例,男性生殖器受累11例,胰腺受累3例,心脏受累47例,1例肺出血.结论 HSP患病率近年来有明显升高趋势.其家族集聚发病、不典型起病表现及多系统损害尤其是脑、肺、胰腺、心脏等重要脏器的受累值得重视.胃肠镜检查可助消化道症状起病的非典型HSP的早期诊断.

Clinical analysis of 901 cases with Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura in children

Objective To investigate the variation of morbidity and clinical features of Henoch-Seh(o)nlein purpura (HSP) in childhood in recent years.Methods The clinical data of 901 cases with HSP admitted to our hospital from January 1,1995 to December 31,2005 were retrospectively analyzed.The constitute rate of admission,the initial clinical presentations,specific manifestations such as multi-system 23/2165(1.06%),29/2098(1.38%),24/1973(1.22%),39/2008(1.94%),54/2433(2.22%),86/2611(3.29%),94/2724(3.45%),99/3014(3;28%),138/2900(4.76%),143/3177(4.50%)and 172/3500(4.91%),resp-sixty-five of 901 HSP children (1 8.3%) had no palpable purpura at onset, 90 cases initially manifested as abdominal pain and (or) gastrointestinal bleeding,14 of them was diagnosed by gastroendoscopy which demonstrated mucous membrane vasculitis.Sixty-three cases manifested as arthritis/arthralgias,6 cases presented as renal involvement,1 case with neurological symptoms and 5 cases with other symptoms at their pancreatic involvement was present in 3 cases,cardiac involvement in 47 Cases and one case had lung hemorrhage.Conclusion The morbidity of HSP has increased in recent years.The diagnosis in patients who do not have palpable purpura at onset and patients who present with the cerebral,pulmonary,cardiac and pancreatic involvement as the initial manifestations is difficult.Special attention should be paid to this group of patients.Gastrointestinal endoscope is valuable in diagnosing HSP in patients whose initial symptoms are abdominal pain and (or) gastrointestinal bleeding.