锁骨下静脉穿刺置管并发症的分析及防治

目的探讨锁骨下静脉穿刺置管并发症的原因及防治。方法密切观察680例行锁骨下静脉穿刺置管后病人并发症的发生并进行原因分析，提出有效的防治方法。结果其中173例出现并发症，发生率25．44％，包括气胸、误穿动脉、血肿、感染、穿刺点组织液漏出、心律失常、导管堵塞、易位输液等。结论操作者要熟悉解剖结构，技术熟练，严格执行操作规程及无菌技术，掌握穿刺白复道应症和禁忌症，熟悉并发症发生的原因，及时采取相应的防治措施，一般不会造成严重后果。

Analysis, Prevention and Cure of Complication Caused by Retaining Venipuncture Beneath Clavicles

Objective To prove into the causes and the prevention and treatment of complication caused by retaining venipuncture beneath clavicles. Methods Based on close observation and analysis on 680 patients who had been cured through retaining veaipuncture beneath clavicles, this thesis therefore puts forward some effectual treatment methods to the complication. Results Among these 680 patients, 173 ones got the complication, and the ratio of getting the complication is 25.44%. They showed such symptoms or phenomena as pneumothorax, mistaken puncture of artery, haematoma, infection, leak of tissue success at puncture point, arrhythmia, vessel blockage, and transposal transfusion etc. Conclusion The actor need to be familiar with the dissecting structure, and to be proficient in the operation. And they must strictly implement the operating norms and asepsis technique.So generally it will not cause serious effect if they master the indication and Contra - indication of puncture, are familiar with the causes of the complication and take corresponding measures of prevention and cure in time.