护士职业应激影响因素的研究

目的 探讨护士工作年限、婚姻状态、职称、年龄、地区、文化程度、工作性质以及工作科室与护士职业应激的关系.方法 应用中国护士应激源量表(CNSS)对中国东部、中部及西部的3091名护士进行调查.结果 3091名护士全部女性,年龄18～55.06岁,平均年龄(30.13±1.98)岁;工作年限最长38.00年,平均(10.23±8.05)年.不同工作年限(F=9.472,P=0.000)、不同婚姻状态(F=4.598,P=0.010)、不同职称(F=3.667,P=0.012)、不同年龄(F=7.600,P=0.000)、不同地区(F=46.971,P=0.000)、不同工作性质(F=14.888,P=0.000)以及不同工作科室(F=3.876,P=0.000)的护士职业应激水平差异有显著性,不同文化程度(F=2.052,P=0.129)的护士职业应激差异无显著性;影响护士工作应激的主要变量依次为:工作年限、工作科室、职称、工作性质、婚姻、地域.结论 我国护士的职业应激受多方面因素的影响,正确评估护士职业应激的特点,不仅对广大护士的工作,而且对护理管理者有重要意义.

Influential factors of occupational stress in nurse in China

Objective To explore and to identify if relationship exit between factors (working years, marital status, titles, ages, regions, education background,work nature and work department) and occupational stress by anonymous nurses from three regions of China and to ascertain current demographics that might be useful in understanding such stress.Methods 3091 nurses working in different areas and different rank hospital in China were investigated by The Chinese Nurse Stressor Scale (CNSS). Results There were significant difference among different working years(F=9.472,P=0.000)),different marital status(F=4.598,P=0.010), different titles(F=3.667,P=0.012),different ages(F=7.600,P=0.000), different regions(F=46.971,P=0.000), different work nature (F=14.888,P=0.000) and different work department(F=3.876,P=0.000) respectively,there was no remarkable difference of different education background(F=2.052,P=0.129).Working years ,work department, professional titles, work nature, marital status and work areas are the main factors, which influenced the nurse' occupational stressor ordinary.Conclusion The nurses' occupational stress influenced by many factors, the results of this study can benefit not only chairpersons and administrators, but also all of the nurses in China.