三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1在巨噬细胞胆固醇流出中的作用

Tangier disease is caused by mutations in ATP binding cassette transporter AI( ABCA1).ABCA1 interacts with lipid-free apolipoproteins, promoting phospholipid and cholesterol ettlux fzom cells and giving rise to HDL particles. ABCA1 may act as a phospholipid translocase facilitating phospholipid binding to apoA-Ⅰ. ABCA1 gene expression is upregulated in cholesterol-loaded cells as a result of activation of IXR/RXR- mediated gene transcription. LXR and RXR coordinately induce a battery of genes mediating cellular cholesterol efllux, centripetal cholesterol tramport, and cholesterol excretion in bile. Small- molecule activators of LXR/RXR or other stimulators of macrophage or intestinal cholesterol efl]ux hold great promise as future treat-ments for atherosclerosis.