口服阴性对比剂在磁共振胰胆管成像中的研究进展

磁共振胰胆管成像(MRCP)是临床诊断和评估胰胆管系统疾病及解剖变异的重要影像学方法。临床应用中,胃肠道内液体在重T₂加权的MRCP图像中与胰胆管同为高信号,对周围胰胆管显示造成遮盖,消除或降低胃肠道内液体高信号对于优化胰胆管的观察效果非常必要。口服阴性对比剂对胃肠道内液体高信号的抑制效果显著,且能在不同程度上提升胰胆管的显示质量,具有极大的临床和科研价值。钆喷酸葡铵等商业型对比剂和蓝莓汁等天然饮品均具有在MRCP检查中作为阴性对比剂的可行性,且人们普遍认为天然饮品具备更高的安全性和简易性,更利于在临床推广。随着相关研究的不断深入,阴性对比剂的合理应用在优化MRCP整体图像质量和提升胰胆管系统疾病的诊断效能方面扮演着愈加重要的角色。本文基于研究现状介绍了MRCP检查阴性对比剂的作用原理,综述了各类型阴性对比剂在抑制胃肠道内液体高信号和提升胰胆管显示的研究进展,展望了阴性对比剂在MRCP中的临床应用价值。

Research Progress of Oral Negative Contrast Agents in Magnetic Resonance Cholan giopancreatography

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is an important imaging method for clinical diagnosis and evaluation of pancreaticobiliary system diseases and anatomical variations.In clinical application the high signal of gastrointestinal fluid in the T₂-weighted MRCP image is the same as that of the pancreatic duct,thus masking the display of the peripheral pancreatic duct.Eliminating or reducing the high signal of the fluid in the gastrointestinal tract is necessary to optimize the observation effect of the pancreaticobiliary duct.Oral negative contrast agent has significantly inhibitory effect on high-intensity fluid in the gastrointestinal tract and can improve the display quality of the pancreaticobiliary duct to varying degrees,which has great clinical and scientific research value.Commercial contrast agents such as gadopentetate gluconate and natural beverages such as blueberry juice are both feasible to be used as negative contrast agents in MRCP examination.It is generally believed that natural beverages have higher safety and simplicity and are more conducive to clinical promotion.With the deepening of related research,the reasonable application of negative contrast agents plays an increasingly important role in optimizing the overall image quality of MRCP and improving the diagnostic efficiency of pancreaticobiliary system diseases.Based on the research status,this article introduces the principle of the negative contrast agent in the MRCP examination,reviews the research progress of various types of negative contrast agents in suppressing the high signal in the gastrointestinal tract and enhancing the pancreaticobiliary duct display,and prospects the clinical application value of negative contrast agents in MRCP.