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The effects of immersion and exercise on prolactin during pregnancy
Authors:Vern L. Katz  Robert McMurray  Craig D. Turnbull  Michael Berry  Chris Bowman  Robert C. Cefalo
Affiliation:(1) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Matermal and Fetal Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;(2) Physical Education, Division of Exercise Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;(3) Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA;(4) Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Ob-Gyn, University of North Carolina, CB # 7570, 214 MacNider Building, 27599-7570 Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Abstract:Summary Prolactin is an important hormone during pregnancy, affecting mother, fetus, and amniotic fluid volume. Immersion is known to affect prolactin levels significantly. To determine the effect of immersion and exercise on the prolactin response during pregnancy, we examined serum prolactin levels at 15, 25, and 35 weeks' gestation and 10 weeks post partum. Twelve women completed 20 min land rest, 20 min immersion in 30° C water to the xiphoid, and 20 min exercise in the water at 60%
$$dot V_{O_2 max } $$
Resting prolactin levels were 1.91±0.32, 4.55±0.5, and 5.85±0.27 nmol·l–1 ±standard error of the mean at 15, 25, and 35 weeks' gestation, respectively. Postpartum lactating women had a resting mean prolactin level of 3.95±1.6 versus 0.22±0.4 nmol· l–1 in non-lacting women. Prolactin levels declined significantly during immersion even after correction for dilution by plasma volume shifts. The immersion response was inversely related to the duration of pregnancy with 29%, 22%, and 12% drops during 15-, 25- and 35-week trials, respectively. Compared to rest, exercise prolactin levels remained depressed during the 15th and 25th week trials. We hypothesize that immersion in water caused prolactin levels to decline.
Keywords:Prolactin  Pregnancy  Exercise  Immersion
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