后现代主义视野中的行为主义及其评析

行为主义是最典型地坚持了实证主义原则的心理学流派，它为心理学设定了突出客观性的学科性质、研究对象和研究方法等。而后现代主义对此大胆质疑，否定了行为主义提倡的心理学的自然学科性质，主张心理学的研究对象不以可观察的对象为限，质疑行为主义推崇的客观实证法的唯一性，并促使整个心理学产生了意义深远的转变。但后现代主义自由中伴随的虚无主义这一不足，决定了行为主义及整个心理学发展的新走向将是现代主义与后现代主义的融合。

The Behaviorism and Its Criticism in a Postmodern Perspective

behaviorism, a psychological school that most typically adheres to the principles of positivism, lays down the discipline properties that highlight objectivity, the study objects, and study approaches, about which, however, postmodernism raises bold doubts and questions. It denies the natural scientific properties of psychology which behaviorism advocates, holding that the objects of psychology should not be limited within the observable objects. It doubts the uniqueness of objective positivism by which behaviorism set great store, thus causing the significant transformation in psychology in a broad way. Nevertheless, the inadequacy of nihilism that attends the freedom in postmodernism determines that the new development tendency of behaviorism and the whole psychology discipline will be the integration of modernism and postmodernism.