学习困难儿童认知特点的对照研究

目的探讨学习困难儿童的认知特点。方法采用配对研究方法，对86例学习困难儿童和86例正常儿童进行韦氏儿童智力量表、韦氏记忆量表、数字划消和瑞文标准推理测验等测定，并将结果进行对比分析。结果两组的语言智商、操作智商、总智商、经历定向、心智、再认、再生、理解、背数、长时记忆、短时记忆、记忆商、瑞文标准推论测验标准分比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。学习困难组的总分明显低于正常组，平均误差率显著高于正常组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论学习困难儿童智商低于正常儿童，记忆商数偏低，且存在注意力障碍。

Comparative study of the cognitive characteristics in children with learning disorder

Objective To explore cognitive characteristics in children with learning disorder. Methods By using the method of matching study,86 cases of children with learning disorder and 86 cases of normal children were measured by the following instruments：C-WISC,WMS,Number Cancellations Test and Raven Standard Progressive Matrices,and the results were analyzed. Results Language intelligence quotient,operation intelligence quotient,total intelligence quotient,directional,mental experience,recognition,regeneration,understand,back number,long-term memory,short-term memory,memory quotient and raven standard reasoning test norm in two groups was compared respectively,with statistical difference（P〈0.05）.The total score of learning difficulty group was obviously lower than that of normal group,the average error rate of learning difficulty group was obviously higher than that of normal group,with statistical difference（P〈 0.01）. Conclusion The total IQ and MQ of children with learning disorder is lower than that of normal children,and children with learning disorder have more attention deficit than normal children.