青岛市城区妊娠期糖代谢异常相关因素的调查分析

目的:调查青岛市城区妊娠期糖代谢异常的发病情况,分析导致妊娠期糖代谢异常发病的相关因素。方法:对检查分娩的3 624例孕妇进行糖筛查,并对筛查出阳性结果的患者行口服葡萄糖耐量试验。临床资料中各种因素均由SPSS for windows10.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:(1)妊娠期孕妇糖筛查异常发病率为22.13%(802/3624);妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的发病率为2.21%;妊娠期糖耐量受损(GIGT)的发病率为2.87%;(2)单因素Logistic相关分析,发现孕次、产次、孕周、年龄(≥30岁)、孕前超重、孕期体重增长、糖尿病家族史、不良孕产史、反复白色念珠菌性阴道炎发作史、月经不规律、不合理膳食、高脂血症、高血红蛋白等因素与糖代谢异常的发生相关;(3)多因素Logistic相关分析,表明孕前超重、糖尿病家族史、年龄、不合理膳食、高脂血症、不良孕产史等6项进入主效应模型,且均与糖代谢异常呈正相关。结论:(1)青岛城区GDM的发病率与国内文献报告的相当,GIGT的发病率高于GDM的发病率;(2)超重、糖尿病家族史、年龄、不合理膳食、高脂血症、不良孕产史为影响糖代谢异常发生的高危因素,对有高危因素患者在初诊时行糖筛查是十分重要的。

An investigation and analysis on the enfluence factors related to abnormal glucose metabolism in pregnant women in urban area of Qingdao city

Objective:To investigate the occurrence of abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy in urban area of Qingdao and study the key factors related to abnormal glucose metabolism.Methods:Glucose tolerance tests had been done on 3 624 pregnant women and glucose tolerance tests performed on those with positive results.All clinic factors were analyzed by SPSS for windows10.0 in order to reveal correlativity with GDM.Results:(1)The incidence of unusual blood glucose in pregnant women was 22.13%(802/3624).The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)was 2.21%.The incidence of gestational impaired glucose tolerance(GIGT) was 2.87%;(2)Single factor logistic analysis showed these factors such as gravidity,parity,pregnant week,age(≥30years),over weight before pregnancy,increase in weight during pregnant period,diabetes family history,bad pregnancy or reproduction history,repeat moniliasis vaginitis history,irregular menses,unreasonable meal,hypertriglyceridemia,hyperhemoglobinemia,were correlated with emergence of abnormal glucose metabolism;(3)Multifactor logistic analysis showed the 6 following factors-over weight,diabetes family history,age,unreasonable meal,hypertriglyceridemia,bad pregnancy or reproduction history,were chosen out.They were correlated with abnormal glucose metabolism positively.Conclusions:(1)The incidence of GDM in pregnant women in Qingdao urban area is the same as in other areas in China,and the incidence of GIGT is higher than that of GDM;(2)Over weight,diabetes family history,age,unreasonable meal,hypertriglyceridemia,bad pregnancy or reproduction history are extremely high risk factors to abnormal glucose metabolism.Glucose challenge test is very important for the pregnant women with the above high risk factors on their first visit to the hospital.