麦冬氮、磷、钾吸收与积累特性研究

目的:研究麦冬氮、磷、钾吸收与积累特性。方法:采用过氧化氢-硫酸消化法、钒钼酸比色法、火焰光度法和原子吸收分光光度法分别测定麦冬氮、磷、钾和微量元素含量。结果:麦冬营养元素的大量元素中氮、钾含量高,磷含量低。在生育期中氮的含量变化规律是低→高→低,在植株中的累积速度有2个较快时期和2个较慢时期,从分布的器官上看,营养器官占绝大部分;磷含量变化的总趋势与氮相同,前期叶片、营养根含量高,采收时块根含量高,植株累积量逐渐增加;钾的含量变化总趋势是前期高后期低,植株器官钾含量前期叶片、营养根高,2月至3月块根比叶片含量稍低、比营养根含量高,植株累积钾的量逐步增加,但增加的幅度不大。结论:在麦冬的生产上,宜在栽种成活后逐步增加氮肥的施用量,秋季不宜施用氮肥,早春应追施一次氮肥;在秋冬季增施磷肥;在越冬期重施钾肥。

Study on N,P and K absorption and accumulation in Ophiopgon japonicus

Objective: To study the absorption and accumulation of N, P and K in Ophiopgon japonicus. Method: The contents of N, P,K and trace element were determined respectively by using the kjeldathl method digested with H₂SO₄+H₂O₂, ammonium vanadstemolybdate chromoscopy,flame spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Result: The contents of N and K were the highest, and that of P was relatively lower O. japonicus. The changing pattern of N was low-high-low in the growth and development period. The accumulative speed of N had two relatively quicker and two relatively slower phases. The content of N is higher in nutritive organs; The changing pattern of P was similar to that of N, while the content of P is higher in leaves and nutritive roots at early stage of growth and development. It was high in root tuber during harvesting stage, and the accumulative quantity in the plant was increased gradually. The level of K was high in early stage and low in later stage of growth. The content of K was relatively higher in leaves and nutritive roots at early stage,and that in root tuber was slightly lower than the leaves but higher than that the nutritive roots from February to March. The accumulating quantity slightly increased in the plant. Conclusion: The application quantity of N should be increased gradually after transplant,stopped in autumn, and used again in early spring. Phosphate fertilizer is needed in autumn and winter, while large amount of potassium fertilizer shoule be used in winter tine.