258例晚期早产儿临床分析

目的:分析258例晚期早产儿的早产原因及生后并发症,为临床合理治疗晚期早产儿提供一定的参考。方法:回顾性总结2008年1月1日～2009年12月31日连云港市第一人民医院NICU收治的胎龄34～37周的258例晚期早产儿为观察组,对其早产原因进行分析,并随机选取280例足月新生儿为对照组,对两组的并发症进行比较。结果:晚期早产儿占连云港市第一人民医院早产儿总数的60.5%,其中胎膜早破、妊娠期高血压疾病、胎盘异常、感染是晚期早产儿发生的主要因素;晚期早产儿高胆红素血症的发生率最高(35.65%),其次为呼吸困难(16.27%)、败血症(13.17%)、低血糖(9.30%)、贫血(4.65%)、新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)和颅内出血(6.97%),均较足月儿明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:晚期早产儿早产原因主要为妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、胎盘异常等,高胆红素血症、呼吸系统疾病、败血症等是其最常见的并发症,应该充分重视晚期早产儿的管理。

Clinical analysis on 258 late premature infants

Objective:To analyze the causes of premature birth and the complications after birth in 258 late and premature infants,and provide a certain reference of reasonable treatment of late premature infants in clinic. Methods:A total of 258 late premature infants of 34-37 weeks who were treated in NICU of the hospital from January 1st,2008 to December 31st,2009 were summarized retrospectively,the causes of premature birth were analyzed;280 full-term neonates were randomly selected as control group;the complications in the two groups were compared. Results:The proportion of late premature infants among the total premature infants was 60.5% in the hospital;premature rupture of membrane(PROM),hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(HDCP),placental abnormality,and infection were the main factors of late premature infants;among the late premature infants,the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia was the highest(35.65%),followed by dyspnea(16.27%),septicemia(13.17%),hypoglycemia(9.30%),anemia(4.65%),neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) and intracranial hemorrhage(6.97%),the incidences of above-mentioned complications in late premature infants were statistically significantly higher than those in full-term neonates(P<0.05). Conclusion:The major causes of late premature infants were HDCP,PROM,placental abnormality,and so on;hyperbilirubinemia,respiratory system diseases,and septicemia were the most common complications;management of late premature infants should be paid more attention to.