新生儿母传麻疹抗体水平与相关因素调查

目的:了解新生儿及其母亲麻疹抗体水平,探讨新生儿与母体抗体水平关系以及影响新生儿抗体水平的可能因素,为控制小月龄儿童麻疹发病提供有效建议。方法:采集孕妇产前静脉血和新生儿脐带血共156对,使用ELLSA方法进行麻疹IgG抗体水平检测。结果:母亲麻疹抗体几何平均浓度为546.48 mIU/ml,新生儿为746.64 mIU/ml,是母亲的1.37倍;母亲麻疹抗体对数浓度与新生儿的呈正相关,相关系数为0.883(P=0.000);母亲麻疹抗体水平与母亲年龄、户籍和出生地等因素的关系有统计学意义,30岁及以上组母亲的麻疹抗体几何平均浓度高于30岁以下组(t=-2.078,P=0.039),外省户籍母亲的麻疹抗体几何平均浓度高于北京市户籍组(t=-2.073,P=0.040),两两比较发现农村地区出生母亲的麻疹抗体几何平均浓度高于城市组(LSD法:P=0.005);胎传抗体能力与胎龄、母亲年龄的关系有统计学意义,两两比较发现胎龄38～40周的新生儿其胎传抗体能力高于胎龄小于38周的新生儿(LSD法:P=0.014),母亲年龄在30岁以下组的新生儿胎传抗体能力高于30岁及以上组(t=2.636,P=0.009)。结论:母亲麻疹抗体水平和胎传抗体能力是影响新生儿抗体水平的重要因素,育龄妇女加强免疫麻疹成分疫苗是现阶段控制小月龄麻疹发病的重要手段,早产儿和生育年龄过大母亲所生新生儿受到麻疹威胁时应考虑提前到6月龄接种麻疹疫苗。

Investigation on the level of maternal transferred measles antibody in neonates and relative factors

Objective:To understand the levels of measles antibody in neonates and their mothers,explore the relationship between antibody level of neonates and antibody level of their mothers,and the possible influencing factors of neonatal antibody level,provide effective measures for controlling the onset of measles in infants. Methods:A total of 156 sample pairs of maternal venous blood before delivery and neonatal umbilical cord blood were obtained,ELISA was used to detect the level of measles IgG antibody. Results:The geometric mean concentration of maternal measles antibody was 546.48 mIU/ml,while the geometric mean concentration of neonatal measles antibody was 746.64 mIU/ml,which was 1.37 times more than the geometric mean concentration of maternal measles antibody;there was a positive correlation between logarithmic concentration of maternal measles antibody and logarithmic concentration of neonatal measles antibody,the coefficient of correlation was 0.883(P=0.000);for the mothers,there was a significant correlation between maternal measles antibody level and maternal age,household registration,and birth place;the geometric mean concentration of maternal measles antibody in ≥30-year-old group was statistically significantly higher than that in <30-year-old group(t=-2.078,P=0.039),the geometric mean concentration of maternal measles antibody in migrant mothers was statistically significantly higher than that in resident mothers(t=-2.073,P=0.040),the geometric mean concentration of maternal measles antibody in mothers born in rural areas was statistically significantly higher than that in mothers born in urban areas(LSD method: P=0.005);the ability of maternal transferred measles antibody was significantly correlated with fetal age and maternal age,the ability of maternal transferred measles antibody in neonates of 38-40 weeks was higher than that in neonates less than 38 weeks(LSD method: P=0.014),the ability of maternal transferred measles antibody in neonates whose mothers was less than 30 years old was statistically significantly higher than that in neonates whose mothers was 30 years old or more than 30 years old(t=2.636,P=0.009). Conclusion:Maternal measles antibody level and the ability of maternal transferred measles antibody are important factors affecting neonatal antibody level;at this stage,enhancing measles vaccine immunization is an important method to control the onset of measles in infants,when the premature infants and neonates born by mothers of older age were threatened by measles,it is considered that vaccination with measles vaccine should be advanced to six months.