围生期相关因素与学龄前儿童视力发育的关联研究

目的:了解围生期相关因素对学龄前儿童视力发育的影响,为制定有效的干预策略提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,对抽取的儿保门诊和托幼机构的2 032名6月龄～6周岁儿童进行视力筛查,同时调查母亲孕前3个月至新生儿围生期的相关情况。结果:接受调查的学龄前儿童屈光异常率为31.1%;母亲怀孕前3个月经常接触电脑电视、行剖宫产出生、早产、巨大儿、出生时吸氧、出生时患有新生儿肺炎是儿童视力发育的危险因素,而其他暴露因素无统计学意义。结论:围生期相关因素对学龄前儿童视力的发育有重要影响,应加强围生期保健工作,保护儿童视力发育。

Study on correlation between perinatal factors and visual development of preschool children

Objective:To understand the effect of perinatal factors on visual development of preschool children,provide a basis for making effective interventional strategies. Methods:A total of 2 032 children aged 6-month-6-year old were selected from outpatient department of pediatric health care and kindergartens by cluster sampling method,then vision screening was performed,the related maternal situations from three months before pregnancy to perinatal period of neonates were investigated. Results:The incidence of refractive error in the preschool children investigated was 31.1%.The risk factors of visual development of children included contacting computer or television regularly at 3 months before pregnancy,cesarean section,premature birth,macrosomia,oxygen inhalation at birth,and neonatal pneumonia at birth;there was no statistically significant difference in the other factors. Conclusion:Perinatal factors had important impact on visual development of preschool children,perinatal health care should be enhanced to protect visual development of them.