The assessment of obesity: methods for measuring body fat and global prevalence of obesity |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Human Nutrition and Epidemiology, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands;2. Department of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Singapore;1. Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;2. Department of Nutrition and Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;3. New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center, Boston Children''s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;4. School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia;1. Nutrition Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Av. Prof. Henrique da Silva Fontes, 321, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-370, Brazil;2. Neuroscience Graduate Program, Biological Sciences Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Campus Universitário, s/n, Sala 208, Bloco E, Prédio Administrativo - Córrego Grande, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil;3. Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, R. Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, 239, Carvoeira, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil;1. Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;2. School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China;4. MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK;5. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA;6. Global Obesity Centre, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;7. School of Public Health, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, and WHO Collaborating Centre on NCD Surveillance and Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK;1. Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia;2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia;3. Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Fat is a normal component of the human body that is stored in adipose tissue. Obesity can be defined as a condition of excessive fat accumulation to the extent that health and well-being are affected. Body fat can be determined in vivo in different ways, using rather accurate laboratory techniques or using simple estimation techniques that can also be applied in field conditions. For population studies, the World Health Organization defines cut-off values for obesity based on the body mass index (BMI): weight/height squared (kg/m2). Generally, for adults, if the BMI exceeds 25 kg/m2, a subject is considered to be overweight, and if the BMI exceeds the value of 30 kg/m2, a subject is considered obese. However, the relationship between body fat percentage and BMI differs between ethnic groups, and, as a consequence, cut-off points for overweight and obesity based on BMI will have to be ethnicity specific. This means that, in some populations, the cut-off points could be lower or higher than the recommended figures. Adapting cut-off point values will have important consequences for prevalence data in some countries as the prevalence of obesity will dramatically increase or decrease. The prevalence of obesity, in children as well as in adults, is high in many countries all over the world and is rising. Given the impact of obesity on health, this is a public health issue that needs to be addressed seriously. |
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