人体冲击动力学模型研究中的若干问题

在载人航天中，人体会受到一系列动力因素（冲击，振动等）的影响，其中冲击力的作用可能引起人体组织或器官的损伤，因此对冲击问题的研究受到医学和工程部门的关注。本文讨论了有关人体冲击动力学模型的类型，自由度数选择，模型的结构特点，模型物理参数选择，非线性问题，模型检验和应用等，模型的建立应以合理的假设为前提，可靠的实验数据为依据；其关键在于确定模型中物理参数，经过实验检验正确的模型在航空航天中有着广泛的

Some Problems in Constructing Human Body Impact Dynamic Model

In manned spaceflight,human body is subjected to various dynamic factors(im-pact,vibration,etc.),and impact force may cause damages to human tissuses and organs.Human body impact dynamic model is discused from the following aspects:type of the model,the number of degrees of freedom,characteristics of the model,selection of the physi-cal parameters,nonlinear problems,verification and application of the medel and so on.The model should be constructed on the basis of reasonable hypotheses and reliable experimental data and the key to the question is the determination of the physical parameters in the model.The model verified by tests will be of wide application in manned spaceflight:it can be used for calculating human body dynamic response to impact,optimizing parameters of preventive systems to minimize the injury and determining the limits of human impact exposure.