"水沟"穴对脑缺血模型大鼠脑神经细胞坏死的影响——从形态学角度论证经穴的特异性

目的:从形态学角度探讨"醒脑开窍"针刺法主穴"水沟"与非穴位对脑缺血模型大鼠神经细胞坏死的抑制作用.方法:选用Wistar成年健康雄性大鼠42只,随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型对照组、非针刺组、针刺组(水沟组和非穴组)6组,每组7只.除正常组、假手术组外,其他4组参照Zea-Longa线拴法复制大鼠大脑中动脉缺血模型(MCAO).针刺组分别对"水沟"穴以及非穴(胁下非经非穴点),施以频率180次/min、持续时间5 s的针刺干预.以光镜下神经细胞坏死率及电镜下神经细胞坏死程度作为评价效应指标.结果:①光镜下,与模型对照组(0.66±0.18)相比,非针刺组(0.67±0.34)和针刺非穴组(0.59±0.11)神经细胞坏死率差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而水沟组(0.20±0.12)神经细胞坏死率明显降低,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).表明不给予任何干预(非针刺组)与给予不正确干预(非穴组),都不能减轻神经细胞的损伤,当给予正确的穴位("水沟"穴)干预时,就可明显减轻神经细胞的坏死率,体现了穴位的特异性.②电镜下,非针刺组和针刺非穴组神经细胞超微结构接近模型对照组,表现为神经细胞的高度水肿及细胞器的严重破坏;水沟组则接近正常组和假手术组,神经细胞破坏程度均较低.结论:针刺"水沟"穴可抑制MCAO大鼠神经细胞坏死,保护神经元,而非穴无此作用,显示了穴位特异性.

Experimental study on Shuigou(GV 26)of inhibiting effect for neuronal necrosis in rats:morphological evidence of the specificity of acupoint

Objective To investigate the effect of acupoint Shuigou (GV 26) and non-acupoint on inhibiting the neuronal necrosis induced by the middle cerebral artery obstruction (MCAO) in rats through the morphological observation. Methods Forty two healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group, false-ope ration group, model control group, non-acupuncture group, Shuigou-acupuncture group and non-acupoint acupuncture group, 7 rats in each group. Besides the normal and false-operation groups, the experimental modal of MCAO was established in the other groups by using the Zea-Longa thread method. Acupoint Shuigou (GV 26) and non-acupoint (below the costal region) were selected respectively in the Shuigou-acupuncture group and non-acupoint acupuncture group for puncturing at 180 times/min for 5 seconds. Its effect was estimated by measuring the rate of the neuronal necrosis at the level of the light microscope and the degree of the neuronal necrosis at the level of the electron microscope. Results (1) At the level of the light microscope, comparing with the model control group (0. 66±0. 18), of the neuronal necrosis there were no significant differences in the rate of neuronal necrosis in the non-acupuncture group (0. 67±0. 34) and non-acupoint acupuncture group (0. 59±0. 11) (both P>0. 05), while it was significantly decreased in the Shuigou-acupuncture group (0. 20±0. 12) (P<0. 05). It indicates that no intervention and wrong (non-acupoint) intervention could light the damage of the neurons, however, only right intervention (Shuigou, GV 26) can obviously decrease the rate of the neuronal necrosis, showing with the specificity of acupoint. (2) At the level of the electron microscope, the ultrastructure of the involved neurons in the non-acupuncture group and non-acupoint acupuncture group is similar to that of the model control group, showing with the serious edema and structure damage. In contrast, the ultrastructure of the involved neurons in the Shuigou-acupuncture group is similar to that of the normal group and false-operation group, showing with light neuronal damage. Conclusion Acupuncturing Shuigou (GV 26) could protect the involved neurons and inhibit the neuronal necrosis induced by the MCAO in rats, but acupuncturing the non-acupoint couldn't, which imply that there is the specificity of acupoint in the acupuncture.