烧伤病房铜绿假单胞菌脉冲场电泳分型及耐药性研究

目的：了解医院烧伤病房铜绿假单胞菌的基因型及耐药性。方法：采用脉冲场凝胶电泳技术对铜绿假单胞菌进行基因分型，结合药物敏感试验进行分析。结果：30株铜绿假单胞菌的脉冲场谱分10型（A—K型），对13种抗生素的耐药性由高到低为庆大霉素（67％）、阿米卡星（67％）、环丙沙星（64％）、氧氟沙星（64％）、头孢噻肟（50％）、头孢曲松（44％）、妥布霉素（40％）、氨曲南（30％）、头孢哌酮（27％）、头孢吡肟（24％）、哌拉西林（24％）、头孢他啶（23％）、亚胺培南（23％）。筛选出了7株（占23．3％）产超广谱β-内酰胺酶菌株，它们对13种抗生素出现全耐药现象，指纹图谱显示均是同一基因型（D型）。结论：在医院感染铜绿假单胞菌的分子流行病学研究中，脉冲场凝胶电泳是一种较好的基因分型方法。

Research on genotyping by pulsed- field gel electrophoresis and drug- resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in burn wards

Objective:To investigate the genotype and drug-resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in burn wards.Methods:The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and bacterial susceptibility testing with Kirby-Bauey method were carried out.Results:There were 10 genotype(A-K) in 30 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Resistance to the following 13 antibiotics was common among the 30 isolates: Gentamicin(67%),Amikacin(67%),Ciprofloxacin(64%),Kfloxacin(64%),Cefotaxime(50%),Ceftriaxone(44%),Tobramycin(40%),Aztreonam(30%),Cefoperazone(27%),Cefepime(24%),Piperacillin(24%),Ceftazidime(23%),Imipenem(23%).There were 7(23.3%) extended-spectrum beta-lactamases(ESBL)-producing strains that were all resistant to 13 antibiotics,and the dactylogram showed that they were same genotype(D).Conclusion:The pulsedfield gel electrophoresis technology was a good method that was used to analysize molecule epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hospital.