流行性乙型脑炎病例经济负担的典型调查分析

目的了解贵阳、遵义两市流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)患病的直接经济负担和间接经济负担。方法采用典型调查的方法,选取4所医疗机构报告的乙脑病例作为研究对象,到医疗机构、病例家中收集病例、陪护、探视在确诊前、确诊时、确诊出院后康复过程中产生的经济负担信息。结果例均直接医疗费用、直接非医疗费用、间接经济负担分别为8023.0元、2043.2元、1058.6元;直接医疗费用占总经济负担的72.1%,其中以药费(43.7%)、诊疗费(21.4%)为主;直接非医疗费用以营养/餐饮费(45.3%)、交通费(25.1%)构成比较大;在诊疗过程中确诊前、确诊时和确诊出院后产生的例均经济负担分别为1356.9元、7581.4元和2186.6元;35例乙脑病例总经济负担389369.3元,例均11124.8元。结论乙脑患病对家庭造成的经济负担较大,建议采取有效措施提高人群参保率和乙脑疫苗接种率,降低乙脑患病经济负担。

Typical investigation on Japanese Encephalitis in the cities of Guiyang and Zunyi

OBJECTIVE To find out the direct and indirect costs of Japanese Encephalitis(JE)in the cities of Guiyang and Zunyi,and evaluate the financial burdens of JE in these two cities.METHODS Applied the typical investigation,chose the cases reported by 4 hospitals,collected the costs of the patients,nursing and visiting before and after diagnosis,and during the rehabilitation after discharge in the hospitals and families.RESULTS The economic burdens per case of direct medical expenses,direct non-medical expenses,indirect economic burdens were RMB 8 023.0,RMB 2 043.2 and RMB 1 058.6.The direct medical expenses were the major cost,accounting for 72.1%.The medicine(43.7%)and diagnosis cost(21.4%)were the major direct medical expenses during diagnosis.The nutrition/meals cost,transportation cost among the direct non-medical cost were 45.3% and 25.1%.The economic burdens per case at pre-diagnosis,at diagnosis,and discharged from hospital after diagnosis were RMB 1 356.9,RMB 7 581.4 and RMB 2 186.6.Results of 35 cases showed that the financial burden was RMB 389 369.3 in total and RMB 11 124.8 per case.CONCLUSION The financial burdens of JE to the patient’s families are huge.To reduce the financial burdens,we suggest that we should take effective measures to increase medical insurance rate and coverage rate.