昆明地区儿童手足口病28685例流行病学分析

目的了解昆明地区手足口病发病的流行病学特征。方法收集昆明市儿童医院2009—2012年诊治的28685例手足口病患儿的临床资料，回顾性分析其流行病学特征。结果昆明地区手足口病2010年报告数（9735例）较2009年（1105例）增长了781．00％；2012年（11131例）较2011年（6714例）增长了65．79％。男女性别比为1．29：1；4-7岁组发病人数占总数的57．00％（16351例）；4—7月为发病高峰期，其中2009--2011年度峰值均出现在5月，而2012年峰值则出现在6月。患儿主要表现为皮疹（100．00％）和发热（64．66％，18549例）。2010--2012年分别报告重症病例902例、1186例和802例。病原检测24669例，以肠道病毒71型（44．00％）和柯萨奇病毒A16型（41．00％）为主。结论昆明地区手足口病报告数呈现快速折线上升趋势，符合手足口病典型的流行特征，重症病例各年度报告数相对稳定。

Etiology characteristics of 28 685 children with hand-foot-mouth disease of Kunming

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in children of Kunming area. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the pathogens and clinical characteristics of 28 685 children with HFMD in the Children＇s Hospital of Kunming from 2009 to 2012. Results The reported number increased by 781.00% from 1 105 in 2009 to 9 735 in 2010 and by 65.79% from 6 714 in 2011 to 11 131 in 2012. In 28 685 HFMD children, the male/female ration was 1.29 ： 1 and 57.00% was 4--7 years old; the onset of the peak was from April to July, which occurred in May during 2009--2011 and in June 2012; the main manifestations were rash （100.00%） and fever （64.66%, 18 549）; 902, 1 186, and 802 severe HFMD cases were reported in 2010--2012, respectively; Enterovisus type 71 （44.00%） and coxackievirus A16 （41.00%） were the predominant HFMD pathogens in 24 669 cases detected. Conclusions The case number of HFMD reported presents a line up trend in Kunming area from 2009 to 2012. There are no marked changes of epidemic characteristics of HFMD and the number of severe HFMD cases in Kunming area.