立体化结构式糖尿病教育的构建及效果评价

目的 探讨立体化结构式教育对2型糖尿病患者干预效应及有效方法 .方法 随机将86例2型糖尿病患者分为2组:对照组和干预组.对照组:自学糖尿病知识,观察随访1年;干预组:以改变知、信、行为目的 ,运用集体授课、网上咨询、定期家访3种方式,实施教育、监测、保健三位一体的立体化结构式糖尿病教育,制定个体化食谱及运动方案,进行心理、行为干预,为期2 w.由专职糖尿病护士负责指导,观察随访1年.每6个月复查1次体重、血压、腰围、臀围、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂.结果干预后糖尿病知识及格率达90.7%,体质指数、腰臀比、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、收缩压、甘油三酯明显下降.结论立体化结构式教育能提高2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力,对2型糖尿病患者实施立体化结构式糖尿病教育是必要的、可行的、有效的,有助于控制糖尿病.

Establishment and evaluation of three-dimensional structural diabetes education on type 2 diabetes

Objective To investigate the intervention effect of three-dimensional structural diabetes education on type 2 diabetes patients.Methods Eighty-six patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into intervention group(n=43)and control group(n=43)randomly.For control group,subjects only self studied diabetes knowledge.In the intervention group,changing the knowledge,attitude and practices regarding diabetes mellitus as purpose,structural diabetes education with three-in-one care including education,monitoring and health care was given through three modes of collective teaching,on-line consultation and home visit regularly by full-time diabetes education nurses.At the same time psychological and behavior intervention were given for 2 weeks.The two groups were followed up for 1 year.All subjects were tested diabetic education knowledge and measured weight,blood pressure,waist circumference and hip circumference,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial plasma glucose(2hPG),hemoglobin Alc,(HbAlc)and blood lipid every 6 months.Results Pass ratio of knowledge on DM was 90.7% in the intervention group after intervention BMI,WHR,FPG,2hPG,HbAlc,systolic blood pressure(SBP),triglyceride(TG)were obviously decreased in the intervention group.Conclusion Three-dimensional structural diabetes education can increase self-management ability of type 2 diabetes patients.Three-dimensional structural diabetes education on type 2 diabetes patients is necessary,feasible and effective.It is helpful for patients with type 2 diabetes to control diabetes.