云南省富民县吸烟相关慢性阻塞性肺病的经济负担研究

目的 分析云南省富民县吸烟相关慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的经济负担.方法 采用按比例概率抽样法（PPS）,抽取富民县7个乡镇18岁及以上常住农村居民共4 275人进行问卷调查.结果 富民县COPD患病率为1.94％,其中男性为2.1％,女性为1.8％;吸烟率为35.4％,其中男性为72.4％,女性为0.9％;男性吸烟率明显高于女性（P＜0.01）.被动吸烟率40.7％,其中男性为33.7％,女性为42.9％;女性被动吸烟率高于男性（P＜0.05）.吸烟者和被动吸烟者增加了患COPD的风险（P＜0.05）.富民县COPD的总经济负担为46.21百万元,其中直接经济负担为18.22百万元,间接经济负担为17.0百万元;归因于吸烟和被动吸烟的经济负担分别为9.33百万元和30.04百万元.结论 吸烟和被动吸烟对当地的经济负担造成了显著影响.应降低人群的吸烟和被动吸烟率,从而减少其经济负担.

The Economic Burden of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases related to Tobacco Exposure in Fu min County of Yunnan Province

Objective To estimate the economic burden of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases （COPD） related to tobacco exposure in Fumin County of Yunnan Province.Method The probability proportional to size （PPS） sampling method was used to select representative sample of 4275 residents aged 18 years and over from Fu Min county.Results Among the study populations,the overall prevalence of COPD was 1.94％,and was 2.1％ for males,and 1.8％ for females.The smoking rate was 35.4％,and was 72.4％ for males 0.9％ for females.Males had obviously higher smoking rate than females （P＜0.01）.The prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure （SHS） was 40.7％,and was 33.7％ for males,and 42.9％ for females.Females had higher rate of SHS exposure than males （P ＜0.05）.Smoking and exposure to SHS were associated with an increased prevalence of COPD （P＜0.05）.The total direct costs,indirect costs and costs of COPD were 18.22 million Yuan,1.7 million Yuan,and 46.21 million Yuan,respectively.The total costs of COPD attributable to smoking and SHS was 9.33 million Yuan and 30.04 million Yuan.Conclusions Smoking and SHS exposure have high economic impact on society in Fu Min County.Future measures are needed to reduce the rates of smoking and SHS exposure,so as to decrease the economic burden of COPD.