东营地区不同场所褐家鼠监测与控制研究

目的通过监测褐家鼠在不同场所、不同时间密度变化以及成年鼠和未成年鼠的构成比,了解褐家鼠的习性,为防鼠控鼠提供依据。方法选择不同场所生态环境,采用夹夜法每隔3个月进行连续性鼠密度监测,将捕获的鼠鉴定分类,计算密度;选择重点场所进行灭鼠实验,灭鼠后2、3、7、9个月进行密度调查,了解鼠密度的变化和恢复时限。结果食物资源丰富和隐蔽场所多的环境褐家鼠密度高,农贸市场、畜牧养殖厂成年鼠和未成年鼠的构成比分别为1∶2.2和1∶2.7,一次饱和性灭鼠后密度恢复时间<60d。食物不丰富、隐蔽场所少的环境褐家鼠密度低、聚集性不明显,城乡结合部成年鼠和未成年鼠的构成比为1∶1.8,灭鼠后密度恢复时间>150d。结论褐家鼠密度及灭鼠后恢复时间与季节、食物和环境状况具有高度相关性,这一规律为控制其密度具有重要意义。

Research on monitoring and control of rattus norvegicus in different places in Dongying

Objective To understand the habit of rattus norvegicus and provide basis for preventing and controlling rats by monitoring the density change of rattus norvegicus in different places and times and the constituent ratio of adult rats and young rats.Method Conduct successive density monitoring every three months by night trapping method in different ecological environments,identify the types of rats and calculate the density.Perform deratization experiment in key places,and survey the density after 2,3,7,9 months of deratization,and understand the density changes and restoration time of rats.Results The density of rattus norvegicus was high in sheltered places with more food.The constituent ratios of adult rats and young rats in famers market and livestock farm were 1∶ 2.2 and 1∶ 2.7,respectively,and the restoration time of density after a completed deratization was less than 60 days.The density of rattus norvegicus was low in exposed places with less food,and the aggregation was not obvious in these places.The constituent ratio of adult rats and young rats in urban-rural fringe zone was 1∶ 1.8,and the restoration time in these areas was more than 150 days.Conclusion The density and restoration time of rattus norvegicus was related to season,food and environment.This law was important to control rat density.