结直肠癌的筛查

结直肠癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，早期治疗能提高其和存率，通过筛查能早期发现并治疗结直肠癌粪便陷血试验、乙状纳肠镜、结肠镜和结肠气钡双重造影是筛查结直肠癌的主要手段。目前结直肠镜检查是“金指标”，但检查的起始年龄和检查间期多久尚无统一认识。如CT结肠成像（虚拟结肠镜）、粪便DNA检测、粪便中特异基因的RT-PCR检测均已有报道，新的简便高效筛查方法及如何提高筛查率尚有待深入研究。

Colorectal cancer screening

Colorectal cancer is a very common malignant neoplasm.It is widely accepted that community screening for colorectal cancer significantly reduces mortality of this disease.Detection of neoplasm is facilitated by fecal occult blood testing(FOBT),sigmoidoscopy,colonoscopy and double contrast barium enema.Colonoscopy is currently the gold standard,however,the appropriate age to begin testing and time interval between repeat sereenings remain unclear.Screening with CT colonography(vivtul colonoscopy),fecal DNA analysis and detecting cyclooxygenase 2 messenger RNA in feces is under study.Finding the optimal screening method and increasing acceptability to both physician and patients remain to be studied further.