人类免疫缺陷病毒新近感染及其检测技术的研究进展

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染使全球面临严重问题，而对HIV新近感染的检测是估算HIV新发感染趋势研究的新方向。HIV核心蛋白p24抗原可早期检出因而用于HIV新近感染的检测，但因其敏感性低，对群体发病率的估计存在局限性；HIV核酸检测用于新近感染的判断敏感性和特异性都较高．尤其是集合核酸技术的应用降低了核酸检测技术本身的高成本；BED（指HIV-1特异的B、E和D亚型）捕获酶联免疫法的数据结果则更能反映出新近感染高危因素以及其他方面的变化规律，对评估HIV新发感染动态趋势起到积极作用。

Research Advances in the Assays for Freshly Infected HIV Cases

HIV infection is now a world problem,and a new research direction of HIV incidence evaluation is to detect freshly infected HIV population. HIV core protein p24 ,which can be used for fresh infected HIV detection because of its early appearance in the serum,has its limitations in estimating incidence of HIV due to the low sensibility. HIV nucleic acid technology has a higher sensibility and specificity, and the appli- cation of collective nucleic acid technology has especially lowered the cost. The results of BED-capture enzyme immunoassay is able to show us the high-risk factors and changing rules for fresh HIV infection, which are significant to evaluate the tendency of HIV incidence.