难治性主动脉夹层动脉瘤的血管腔内治疗

目的 总结难治性主动脉夹层动脉瘤的血管腔内治疗经验。方法 2001年1月至2004年10月,对68例主动脉夹层和夹层动脉瘤的患者进行血管腔内治疗,其中对13例难治性病例进行临床分析。Stanford A型9例：主动脉夹层撕裂口在升主动脉3例,撕裂口在主动脉弓三大主干区域内3例,撕裂口在主动脉弓下段,累及升主动脉3例。Stanford B型4例。8例有2个以上撕裂口,其中3例术前近段夹层主动脉瘤破裂。13例均行血管腔内带膜支架植入术。2例先开胸行升主动脉与左颈总动脉、左锁骨下动脉旁路术,1例行颈总-颈总动脉旁路术,然后再行血管腔内治疗。Stanford B型多撕裂口主动脉夹层动脉瘤中有3例行多撕裂口一期或二期植入多个带膜支架腔内治疗。结果 全组随访2个月～3年。撕裂口在升主动脉病例中1例术后1个月死于消化道大出血,1例Stanford A型在近段夹层动脉瘤治疗后,因远段动脉瘤破裂,于术后27h死亡。其余11例术后半年复查CT、MR、多普勒超声等均证实原撕裂口封闭良好,假腔内血栓形成,未见新的夹层。结论 血管腔内带膜支架植入是治疗撕裂口位于升主动脉或主动脉弓区域内的难治性主动脉夹层动脉瘤的有效方法,手术成功率高,死亡率低。对于瘤体破裂病例也是可行的。

Endografting for refractory aortic dissection and dissecting aneurysm

OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety and feasibility of endograft repair in refractory aortic dissection and dissecting aneurysm. METHODS: The clinical data of 13 refractory cases of aortic dissection and dissecting aneurysm, 11 males and 2 females, aged 52 (38-82), out of the 68 consecutive patients with aortic dissection and dissecting aneurysm who underwent endograft repair from Jan 2001 to Oct 2004, were analyzed. Nine of the 13 cases were diagnoses as with aortic dissection and dissecting aneurysm of Stanford type A, 3 of which had tears in the ascending aorta (DeBakey type I), 3 had tears in aortic arch, and 3 had tears on the distal aortic arch with ascending aorta involved; and the other four out of the 13 cases were diagnosed as Stanford type B, one with Marfan's syndrome. Eight of the 13 cases had more than 2 entries, 3 of which had suffered from shock and hemathorax due to rupture preoperatively. Follow-up ranging 2 months to 3 years was carried out after the operation. RESULTS: Transluminal placement of stentgratf was technically successful in all patients. Three patients with DeBakey type I dissections received stent-grafts introduced through the left common carotid or right femoral artery, of which one case died from gastrointestinal hemorrhage 1 month postoperatively. For the patients with tears in aortic arch preliminary Y type bypass from ascending aorta to left common carotid artery and left subclivian artery was performed in 2 cases, and carotid-carotid artery bypass was performed in one case, and then stent-grafts were deployed through right femoral artery. The 3 cases with tears in the distal arch and ruptured aneurysm, received stent-grafts implantation through the femoral artery emergently, and closed thoracic drainage and anti-shock treatment, one of which died from another aneurysm rupture 27 hours postoperatively. Out of the 4 cases with Stanford type B dissection with multiple tear entries, 3 underwent multiple stent-grafts repair and 1 underwent emergent abdominal-bilateral iliac arteries Y-type graft bypass due to rupture of iliac dissecting aneurysm. During the follow-up CT, MRI and color Doppler sonography showed that all 11 patients remained healthy with the former tears well closed and thrombosis in the false lumen. CONCLUSION: Endograft repair for refractory aortic dissecting aneurysm is feasible and technically successful, especially for the patients with tears in the ascending aorta or aortic arch.