惠州市2004-2010年麻疹流行病学特征分析

目的 了解惠州市麻疹流行特征和预防控制措施,为进一步控制和消除麻疹提供科学依据.方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,分析2004-2010年惠州市麻疹疫情特点；采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清麻疹IgM抗体.结果 2004-2010年惠州市共报告麻疹病例2 842例,年平均发病率11.69/10万,发病模式以散发为主,病例分布广泛,并有明显的季节性,5～7月是麻疹高发季节,14岁以下年龄组为麻疹高发年龄.病例中无免疫史和免疫史不详者占90.04％.结论 应进一步加强麻疹疫苗(measles vaccine,MV)的基础免疫接种工作,消除免疫空白,适时开展MV强化免疫,提高免疫覆盖率.同时要考虑对大年龄组人群接种MV,继续加强麻疹监测.

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of measles in Huizhou City, 2004-2010

Objective This study was conducted to find out the epidemiological characteristics of measles and evaluate the measles for its control and prevention.Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the data of measles incidence in Huizhou City from 2004 to 2010.ELISA was adopted to detect IgM antibody in serum.Results A total of 2 842 cases were reported during the seven-year period,the annually average morbidity was 11.69/100 000.A sporadic epidemic pattern was evident with widely distributed affected cases and significant seasonality.Measles mainly occurred during May to July,the incidence of measles between 0~14 years old groups was higher than that of the other age groups.Unimmunized cases or cases with unknown immunization history accounted for 90.04% of the overall cases.Conclusions Routine immunization of measles should be reinforced and boost vaccination should be carried out in proper time to prevent and control measles,at the same time the measles campaign should be implemented to adult.In addition,perfecting measles surveillance system must be taken.