浙江省衢州市1985-2010年流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征分析

目的分析衢州市自建市以来流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)流行特征,为今后进一步做好流脑防治工作提供科学依据。方法遵照浙江省疾病预防控制中心下发的《浙江省流行性脑脊髓膜炎监测方案》和《业务技术措施要点》选取<1岁,1～2岁,3～4岁,5～-6岁,7～14岁,14～19岁,≥20岁7个年龄段人群采集咽拭样本,开展健康人群流脑带菌率监测。流脑疫情资料采用描述性流行病学方法分析流行病学特征。数据整理、汇总采用Excel 2003,统计结果处理采用SPSS 13.0,率的比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 1985-2010年衢州市共报告流脑病例985例,死亡39例。发病主要集中在1985-1990年,发病877例,占总病例数的89.04%,总体上呈逐渐下降趋势。2～4月份为发病高峰,发病年龄以15岁以下儿童为主,职业以散居儿童居多,其次为农民和学生。监测结果显示:人群总带菌率23.04%,所有阳性菌株中,B群占83.26%(1 467/1 762)。结论加强流脑流行病学和病原学监测,采取相应措施,控制流脑病例发生。

Analysis on epidemiological features of patients with epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Quzhou from 1985 to 2010

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted for the data collected from 1985 to 2010.Results A total of 985 patients with epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis including 39 deaths were reported in Quzhou city over a 26 year period,among which 877(89.04%) patients were diagnosed from 1985 to 1990.Most cases appeared from February to April and were children under 15 years old,followed by farmers and students.Conclusions Although the epidemiological study indicated that the number of patients with epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis decreased gradually from 1985 to 2010,the high risk of the infection still exists because of presence of healthy carriers.