互助献血与无偿献血血清学标志物对比分析

目的：对互助献血和无偿献血的血清学指标进行分析对比，研究探讨互助献血的风险。方法2006年1月至2012年12月，对符合献血条件的1834例互助献血者以及217323例无偿献血者进行了血液采集和留取 ETDA 抗凝样本，进行 ALT、HBsAg、Anti-HCV、Anti-HIV、梅毒共5个项目的初复检。结果互助献血（8.67％）的总阳性率要高于无偿献血组（6.31％），但两组的ALT 阳性率差异无统计学意义，互助献血组的HBsAg、Anti-HCV、梅毒均高于无偿献血组。结论无偿献血群体的血清学安全指标优于互助献血组，是血源性传播疾病较低的低危人群，应该是血液供应的主要来源群体；对互助献血采取合理的干预措施后，能确保其安全指数与无偿献血等同，可作为无偿献血的有益补充。

The analysis of serological markers among mutual blood donors and voluntary blood donors

Objectives To analyze the epidemiology of viral markers and ALT among volunteer and replacement donors, and to reevaluate the risk of mutual blood donors. Methods From 2006, January to 2012, December, replacement and voluntary donors were recruited by hospital and center blood station respectively, and all the donors were screened HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV （1 ＋ 2）, syphilis and ALT in center blood station twice. Results In 217 323 volunteers and 1 834 replacement donors, the total seroprevalence was higher in replacement group than in voluntary group （8.67% vs 6.31%）, but the prevalence of ALT were not significantly differences. The prevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV and syphilis were higher in replacement group than in voluntary group. Conclusions Generally, volunteers cloud provide more viral safety than replacement donors, who should be the main source of blood supply. But with appropriate intervention measures, such as pre-donor screening and other donor selection policy, replacement donors and voluntary donors provide a similar level of viral safety.