南非传统草药Sutherlandia 抗糖尿病作用的研究

目的：观察南非传统草药Sutherlandia水提物对糖脂代谢的影响。方法：腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（STZ）并高脂饲料喂养诱导2型糖尿病大鼠模型。随机分为正常组、模型组、吡格列酮组、Sutherlandia组。观察体质量、口服糖耐量试验（OGTT）、血甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）指标的改变，Western Blot法检测各组大鼠骨骼肌胰岛素受体底物（IRS-1）表达情况。结果：与正常组比较，模型组大鼠体质量降低，OGTT、TG、TC、LDL-C指标明显升高（P<0.05），多饮、多食、多尿症状明显，IRS-1 蛋白表达明显降低（P<0.05）；治疗后，与模型组比较，Sutherlandia组及吡格列酮组的体质量未见明显增长，Sutherlandia组及吡格列酮组血糖、TG、TC均明显降低（P<0.05或P<0.01），二者之间无统计学差异，Sutherlandia组及吡格列酮组骨骼肌中IRS-1蛋白表达明显升高（P<0.05），二者之间无统计学差异。结论：腹腔注射STZ并高糖高脂饲料喂养诱导2 型糖尿病大鼠模型存在糖脂代谢紊乱；南非传统草药Sutherlandia可明显降低其血糖水平，改善血脂代谢，提高胰岛素水平；Sutherlandia可提高IRS-1骨骼肌中的表达水平，进而改善胰岛素抵抗，降低血糖，其确切的作用途径有待进一步深入研究。

Study on Anti-diabetic Effect of Traditional South African Herb Sutherlandia Aqueous Extract

This study was aimed to observe the effects on glucolipid metabolism of aqueous extract of traditional South African herb Sutherlandia. Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) combined with high fat feed method was used in the establishment of type 2 diabetes rat model. Then, rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, pioglitazone group, and the Sutherlandia group. Observation was made on changes of body weight, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C). Western blot method was used to detect IRS-1 expression of skeletal muscle in rats of each group. The results showed that compared with the normal group, body weight in the model group was decreased, and indicators of OGTT, TG, TC, LDL-C were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Symptoms such as increased drinking, eating and urine were obvious; and the IRS-1 expression was obviously decreased (P < 0.05). After treatment, compared with the model group, there was no significant body weight increase in the Sutherlandia group or the pioglitazone group. Indicators of blood glucose, TG, TC in the Sutherlandia group and the pioglitazone group were obviously decreased with no statistical difference (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In the Sutherlandia group and the pioglitazone group, IRS-1 expression of skeletal muscle in rats was obviously increased with no statistical difference (P < 0.05). It was concluded that type 2 diabetes rats induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ combined with high fat feed method can induce glucolipid metabolism disorders. Traditional South African herb Sutherlandia can obviously reduce the blood sugar level, improve blood lipid metabolism, and improve the level of insulin. Sutherlandia can improve the IRS-1 expression of skeletal muscle in rats, relief the insulin resistance, and lower blood sugar. However, the effect of its exact ways required further in-depth study.