半乳糖凝集素 1 与妊娠的相关性研究

半乳糖凝集素1（Galectin-1，Gal-1）在妊娠时的蜕膜、胎盘、滋养细胞表达具有时空特异性，在异常及正常妊娠时表达也有差异。Gal-1的表达状态由其基因启动子的甲基化状态决定，同时也受到血激素水平的调节。Gal-1通过介导细胞-细胞，细胞-细胞外基质之间的黏附、促进细胞浸润及合体细胞形成、影响动脉形成等参与妊娠时细胞的浸润、增殖和分化。通过将免疫细胞、细胞因子、免疫蛋白向免疫抑制方向转化，Gal-1建立和维持了母胎之间的免疫耐受。胎盘局部及母体全身的氧化应激状态可能改变Gal-1结构，进而影响其生物活性以及功能的发挥。Gal-1在妊娠的起始、发展及维持中发挥巨大作用，有望运用于病理性妊娠及妊娠相关疾病的治疗中。

Correlation between Galectin-1 and Pregnancy

Expressions of galectin-1 （Gal-1） in deciduas, placenta and trophoblast cells show a temporal and spatial pattern during pregnancy, which differ between normal and abnormal pregnancy. The expression level of Gal-1 gene is regulated by DNA methylation in its promoter region, and regulated by steroid hormones. Gal-1 takes parts in cell-adhesion, trophoblast differentiation, invasion, formation of syncytium and spiral artery remodeling. Gal-1 is also involved in the immune tolerance by promoting the immune inhibition transformed from the tolerogenic dendritic cells （DCs）, cytokines and immunoprotrins. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress of placenta and maternal may change Gal-1 structure, and its biological activity and function. Gal-1 is a potential diagnosis marker or treatment target for the pathological pregnancy and pregnancy-related diseases, since it plays an important role in the initiation, development and maintenance of pregnancy.