肠道菌群与原发性肝癌相关性的研究进展

原发性肝癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，具有发病率高、病死率高等特点。肠道菌群可以通过LPS-TLR4途径参与肝癌的发生发展，而病毒性肝炎（如HBV感染）、肥胖和肠道菌群失调等多因素作用下可进一步加剧肝癌的病情，菌群失调与肝癌的发生发展是一个相互作用、恶性循环的过程。益生菌是一类对机体有益的活性微生物，可以改善病毒性肝炎、肝硬化病情，加强肝肠固有免疫，降低毒物致癌性，从而预防肝癌的发生；还可以通过刺激消炎物质分泌、抑制肿瘤内Th17细胞水平和增强抗肿瘤免疫反应来发挥抗癌作用，为肝癌的防治提供了新的方法。本研究对肠道菌群与肝癌相关性的研究进展进行综述。 

Research progress on the correlation between intestinal flora and primary liver cancer

Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies and is associated with a high incidence of morbidity and mortality. The intestinal flora plays an important role in the progression of primary liver cancer through the LPS-TLR4 pathways. Moreover, a multitude of factors, such as hepatitis B virus infection, obesity, and an imbalance of intestinal flora, can predispose an individual to the development of primary liver cancer as these factors are interrelated and mutually synergistic. In essence, probiotics are living microorganisms that can exert beneficial effects in the host. This study revealed that probiotics play a positive role against the development of viral hepatitis and cirrhosis and foster the improvement of innate immunity. They were also found to reduce the carcinogenicity of aflatoxins. Furthermore, probiotics can inhibit the advancement of primary liver cancer by stimulating the secretion of anti-inflammatory substances, reducing the number of Th17 cells in tumors, and enhancing antitumor immune responses. This review is focus on the research progress on the correlation between intestinal flora and primary liver cancer.