歼（强）击机飞行员SCL-90症状评定分析

目的探讨年龄、入伍前成长地、机种、飞行时间因素对歼（强）击机飞行员心理的影响,为针对性开展心理训练提供科学依据和指导。方法采用症状自评量表（Symptom Checklist 90,SCL-90）症状清单评定分析。结果①本组飞行员,10个因子分均值和总分均值均在正常分值范围;因子分≥2分者仅占3.2%。②城乡籍兵员间比较,差异无统计学意义。③30岁以上年龄段,偏执因子得分显著高于30岁以下年龄段（P〈0.01）,其余因子差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。④飞行1000h以上组SCL-90总分及＂精神病性、抑郁、恐怖、偏执因子＂均分显著高于飞行1000h以下组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。⑤总分及各因子分均低于军人常模,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论本组歼（强）击机飞行员总体心理素质较好,但也存在着某些问题。管理者应重点加强对不同机种、年龄和不同飞行时间段的歼（强）击机飞行员的心理训练,以维护和提高其心理健康水平。

SCL-90 Analysis of Fighter Pilots

Objective Little systemic assessment has been reported about psychological characteristic of fighter pilots. The psychological characteristics across age, region, type of airplane, and flight time were studied to provide scientific evidence and direction for psychological training. Methods Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90） was used for analysis and evaluation. Results ①All fighter pilots had normal factor scores and total score. Only 3.2% pilots had the SCL factor score more than two. ②There was no significant difference among pilots from rural or urban areas. ③Fighter pilots with ages less than 30 had no significant differences in SCL-90 factor scores with pilots with ages more than 30 except for paranoid factor （P0.01）. ④The total SCL-90 score and factor scores of psychotics, depression, phobia anxiety, and paranoid ideation in fighter pilots with flight time more than 1000 hours were significantly higher than those with flight time less than 1000 hours （P0.05 or P0.01）. ⑤The total SCL-90 score and all the factor scores in fighter pilots were significantly lower than in Chinese armyman norm （P0.01）. Conclusion The studied fighter pilots have good psychological condition. However, there exist some problems, which indicate that more psychological training should be emphasized on fighter pilots with different types of airplane and flight times to maintaine and enhance their psychological health.