《黄帝内经》养生学中和思想探讨

《黄帝内经》强调了饮食习惯对养生的重要性,集中体现在日常生活中,饮食要求五味不能太偏,应以中和为原则。养生亦与起居有很大关系,起居生活亦不能出偏,应以适中为原则,就当今而言,保证睡眠时间而不必在意起居时间早晚者,亦是不明中和思想者。不论是神劳还是形劳,皆不能太过。人体要"形劳而不倦",也即中和思想所指的"过犹不及"。养生也重在保持七情中和。七情六欲乃人之常情,常情,便是含中和之义,无太过或不及。养生之道,纵欲是其大忌,适度的房事有益于身体的健康,过度的房事则有损于人的生命。在《黄帝内经》养生学中,强调中和的基本思想,但并不是说要强求中和而不进取,中和不是被动而求之术,而是主动应得之法。能"中和"者,未有不会养生者。求养生者,必以"中和"为目的。"中和思想"贯穿于《黄帝内经》中养生、生理、病理、治疗、七情、房事等的各个方面,这些即是中和思想在人们日常生活中所做行为的反映,使人们的行为逐渐中和,最终来影响养生者的思想,从而达到"恬淡虚无,真气从之,精神内守,病安从来"的最佳境界。

Discussion on the Neutralization Thought of life Cultivation in Huangdi's Canon of Medicine

Huangdi's Canon of Medicine emphasizes the importance of dietary habits to health care,which is embodied in daily life.Dietary requirements should not be too biased between the five tastes,and should be based on the principle of neutralization.Health care also has a lot to do with daily living,and daily life cannot be skewed.It should be based on the principle of "moderate".Now,people who guarantee enough sleep hours but not pay attention to proper sleep time cannot understand neutralization thought either.No matter mental labor or physical labor,it should not be too much.Human body should " be tired in body without mental fatigue",otherwise,going beyond the limit is as bad as falling short.Life cultivation should also keep seven emotional activities in harmony which is common phenomenon and has neutraliziug meaning without too much or less.Fleshliness is worst for life cultivation.Moderate sex intercourse is beneficial to the health of the body,while excessive sexual intercourse is detrimental to people's life.In Huangdi's Canon of Medicine,life cultivation emphasizes neutralization thought,which does not mean being inactive but active.Anyone who grasps neutralization though is sure to keep good health;For good health,anyong must regard " neutralization thought" as the aim."The neutralization thought" goes through health care,physiology,pathology.,treatment,seven emotional activities,sexual intercourse and other aspects,which are reflections of neutralization thought in people's daily life,make people's behavior gradually neutralize and ultimately affect their health so as to achieve the best state of "indifference to fame or gain,nothingness,having genuine qi,keeping a sound mind and owning good health."