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Gestational exposure to neighborhood police-reported crime and early childhood blood pressure in Durham,NC
Affiliation:1. Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;2. Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;3. School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;4. Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;5. Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA;6. Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;1. Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 4, DE-65185, Wiesbaden, Germany;2. Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Sociology, DE-06099, Halle, Saale, Germany;1. Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan;2. Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8315, Japan;3. Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0012, Japan;4. Center for Preventive Medicine Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba-ken, 260-0856, Japan;5. Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-shi, Aichi-ken, 474-8511, Japan;1. School of Social Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia;2. School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia;3. Business School, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia;1. Center for Public Health Systems Science, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, MSC 1196-0251-46, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA;2. School of Public and International Affairs, The University of Georgia, 180 Baldwin Hall, Athens, GA, 30602, USA;3. Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7440, USA;4. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7295, USA;5. Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3300 Hillview Ave, Mail Code 5537, Palo Alto, CA, 94304-1334, USA;1. Center for Advancing Population Science (CAPS), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;2. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;3. Institute of Health and Equity, Department of Public and Community Health, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;1. Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, United States;2. Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, United States;3. Department of Psychology, University of Florida, United States
Abstract:Gestational exposure to police-reported crime is associated with adverse birth outcomes, but no previous research has evaluated the effects of gestational crime exposure on early childhood health or attempted to disentangle the health effects of neighborhood crime from the effects of neighborhood policing. Using data from 672 Newborn Epigenetics Study participants, we evaluate the effects of gestational exposure to violent crime and racialized drug policing on early childhood blood pressure. We demonstrate that violence and drug policing are consistently associated with increased blood pressure among children born to Black participants but not White or Latinx participants.
Keywords:Crime  Violence  Policing  Neighborhood environment  Early childhood health  Blood pressure
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