健康教育路径护理对妊娠期糖尿病患者及妊娠结局的影响

目的:观察健康教育路径护理对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者及妊娠结局的影响。方法:选取120例GDM患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各60例。对照组采用常规健康教育护理,观察组采取健康教育路径护理,比较两组护理前和出院前1 d空腹血糖水平、餐后2 h血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白水平、分娩方式和不良妊娠结局发生率。结果:出院前1 d,两组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平低于护理前,且观察组均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组剖宫产率为26.67%,明显低于对照组的46.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组羊水过多、孕期感染、酮症酸中毒、早产、巨大儿和新生儿低血糖等不良妊娠结局发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:健康教育路径护理可降低GDM患者血糖水平、剖宫产率和不良妊娠结局发生率,效果优于常规健康教育护理效果。

Effects of health education pathway on gestational diabetes patients and pregnancy outcomes

Objective:To investigate effects of health education pathway on gestational diabetes(GDM)patients and pregnancy outcomes.Methods:120 GDM patients were selected as the research objects,and were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,60 cases in each group.The control group adopted routine health education nursing,while the observation group was given the health education pathway nursing.The fasting blood glucose levels before the nursing and 1 day before discharge,2h postprandial blood glucose level,glycosylated hemoglobin level,delivery mode and incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:1 day before discharge,the fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels of the two groups were lower than those before the nursing;those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The cesarean section rate in the observation group was 26.67%,which was significantly lower than 46.67%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as polyhydramnios,pregnancy infection,ketoacidosis,premature delivery,macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Health education pathway nursing can reduce the blood glucose levels,cesarean section rate and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the GDM patients.Moreover,it is superior to routine health education nursing.