The skeleton as a unique environment for breast cancer cells |
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Authors: | Mastro Andrea M Gay Carol V Welch Danny R |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA;(2) Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA |
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Abstract: | Bone is a favored location for several cancer metastases especially breast, prostate and myeloma. This review evaluates various
properties of the skeleton that contribute to its successful colonization by breast cancer cells. The first consideration
is the unique aspects of the vasculature of metaphyseal bone, which may account for the initial lodging of breast cancer cells
in specific regions of the skeleton. Metasphyseal bone, found at the ends of long bone, in ribs and in vertebrae, is comprised
of trabecular bone interspersed with marrow and a rich vasculature. The chemotactic factors that arise from bone marrow and
bone cells are discussed in terms of cancer cell migration out of the vasculature and entry of cancer cells into the marrow
cavity. Once the breast cancer cells have migrated into the metaphysis, they interact both directly and indirectly with bone
cells and other cells in the marrow. As tumor growth progresses, functional bone cells are lost, most likely through apoptosis.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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Keywords: | apoptosis bone and marrow vascular sinusoid bone marrow breast cancer metastasis chemotaxis metaphysis osteoblasts osteoclasts trabecular bone |
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