川滇黔结合部四个地市城乡居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病情况及影响因素研究

目的 调查川滇黔结合部城乡居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的患病情况并分析其可能的影响因素.方法 2015年1-12月采用整群抽样抽取川滇黔结合部4地市40岁以上居民1 768人进行肺功能检测,调查COPD患病率,同时用自行设计问卷探索COPD可能的影响因素.结果 共检出COPD病人145人,平均患病率为8.2%;在≥60~<70岁年龄段男女患病率分别为11.3%和5.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.147,P=0.042);年龄、吸烟、体质指数、相关疾病家族史、职业暴露等是COPD的重要影响因素,其OR分别为1.859、2.411、0.844、1.271和1.733.结论 川滇黔结合部地区COPD患病率与全国水平相当,老年人和男性是高危人群;加强健康教育,积极控烟,加强职业防护是预防COPD的重要手段.

Prevalence and influence factors of COPD among urban and rural residents in 4 joint regions of Sichuan,Yunnan and Guizhou

Objective To investigate the prevalence of COPD among urban and rural residents in 4 joint regions of Sichuan,Yunnan and Guizhou,and to explore the possible influence factors.Methods From January to December in 2015,1 768 urban and rural residents over 40 years old were sampled by cluster sampling to detect pulmonary function for investigating the prevalence of COPD,and to explore the possible influence factors by self-designed questionnaire.Results A hundred and forty-five COPD patients were identified among 1 768 respondents with the prevalence of 8.2%.There was significant difference in prevalence rate between male (11.3%) and female (5.9%) in age group of ≥60-<70 years old (χ2=4.147,P=0.042).Age,smoking,body mass index,family history and occupational exposure were the vital influence factors of COPD with OR being 1.859,2.411,0.844,1.271 and 1.733,respectively.Conclusions The prevalence of COPD in 4 joint regions of Sichuan,Yunnan and Guizhou is similar to the national average level.The old and the males are high risk population.To enhance health education,active tobacco control and promotion of occupational protection are most important means for COPD prevention.