模拟高原潜水实验—豚鼠听阈、咽鼓管功能及内耳形态学观察

为系统的了解高原潜水对听阈、咽鼓管功能,中耳及内耳形态学的改变,我们用Preyet's反射正常的杂色豚鼠36只进行模拟高原5000m水深50m的潜水实验,实验分为6组(对照组、出舱后即刻,7、14、21及28天组),每组6只。用听神经动作电位为测听指标,刺激声为短声及短音。中耳阻抗仪测试咽鼓管功能,光镜、扫描及透射电镜观察中耳及内耳形态学改变。实验证实出舱后即刻、7及14天组听阈变化明显,输入输出函数曲线平台消失,潜伏期延长。鼓室压曲线于出舱后均变为B型曲线,42耳光镜检查中耳有病损者24耳,占57.14％,正常者18耳占42.85％,内耳有病损者19耳占45.23％,正常者23耳占54.76％。电镜观察10耳中内耳超微结构均有程度不同的病损,从实验所见,说明豚鼠在低压、高压环境变化下致使中耳及内耳损伤,严重者可发生内耳减压病。

SIMULATED ALTITUDE DIVE TEST AN OBSERVATION ON GUINEA PIGS HEARING THRESHOLD, FUNCTION OF EUSTACHIAN TUBE AND INNER EAR MORPHOLOGY

We made tests on 36 guinea pigs with normal Preyer's reflex in a simutated dive test in altitude of 5000m and in waters having a depth of 50m. Ap was used as scale for tests and click and ton pip used as stimulate sound. Acoustic impedance was used to the function of Eustachian tube.Light microscope, screen and transmission electromicroscope were used to observe changes in the morphology of middle and inner ear.The test showed obvious changes in hearing ability and the disappearance of input and output function curve plateau. Tympanogram of three groups turned into B type after leaving the chamber. Light microscope and electromicroscope observation showed middle and inner ear were damaged in varying degree. The test bore out that after under changes from hypopressure to hyperpressure the middle and inner ear of guinea pigs were damaged and they may contract inner ear decopmpression disease in serious cases.