Mild maternal iron deficiency anemia induces DPOAE suppression and cochlear hair cell apoptosis by caspase activation in young guinea pigs |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, 92 North 2nd Road, Heping District, Shenyang, China;2. Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China;3. Department of Occupational and Environmental of Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 Western Section of Lushun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning, China;4. Department of Occupational and Environmental of Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China;1. Ataturk University, Science Faculty, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;2. Ataturk University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering; Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China;2. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China;3. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China;1. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Department of Pathology, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India;3. Department of Surgery, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India;1. IFISE, CONICET-UNR, Rosario, S2002LRL, Argentina;2. IBR, CONICET-UNR, Rosario, S2002LRL, Argentina;3. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Rosario, S2002LRL, Argentina;4. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR, Rosario, S2002LRL, Argentina |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Iron deficiency (ID) anemia (IDA) alters auditory neural normal development in the mammalian cochlea. Previous results suggest that mild maternal IDA during pregnancy and lactation altered the hearing and nervous system development of the young offspring, but the mechanisms underlying the association are incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of apoptosis in the development of sensory hair cells following mild maternal IDA during pregnancy and lactation. We established a maternal anemia model in female guinea pigs by using a mild iron deficient diet. The offspring were weaned on postnatal day (PND) 9 and then was given the iron sufficient diet. Maternal blood samples were collected on gestational day (GD) 21, GD 42, GD 63 and PND 9, serum level of iron (SI) or hemoglobin (Hb) was measured. Blood samples of pups were collected on PND 9 for SI measurement. On PND 24, pups were examined the distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) task, and then the cochleae were harvested for assessment of apoptosis by immunohistochemistry of cysteine–aspartic acid proteases 3/9 (caspase-3/9) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay, and by double immunofluorescence for the colocalization of TUNEL and caspase-3. Blood samples of pups were collected on PND 24 for SI and Hb measurements. Here we show that mild maternal IDA during pregnancy and lactation resulted in hearing impairment, decreased hair cell number, caspase-3/9 activation and increased apoptotic cell number of young guinea pigs. These results indicate a key role for apoptosis in inhibition of hair cell development, caused by mild maternal IDA during pregnancy and lactation. |
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| Keywords: | Apoptosis Iron deficiency anemia Ototoxicity |
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