艾滋病定点治疗单位医务工作者的职业防护情况

目的了解艾滋病定点治疗单位医务工作者的职业防护情况，探讨对临床医务工作者进行艾滋病防护知识干预的有效方法，为艾滋病临床职业防护提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法，分别对医务人员进行干预前、后艾滋病职业防护知识、行为、态度调查。结果干预前、后分别调查医务人员165人、152人。医师对艾滋病职业防护相关知识认识的知晓率为82．6％，护士的知晓率为60．5％；对较深层次的问题认识度不够，艾滋病病毒主要存在哪些液体中的知晓率为33．3％，“窗口期”知晓率为24．8％，职业暴露后需及时采用的防护措施知晓率为21．2％，干预前职业暴露概率为13．5％，介入防护知识培训干预后职业暴露概率为3．4％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论加强艾滋病职业防护知识的教育与培训，能够提高职业防护能力，保障医务人员的职业安全，预防艾滋病医院感染。

Study on Occupational protection of medical staff in AIDS sentinel treatment units

Objective To investigate occupational protection and intervention of knowledge of AIDS prevention among medical staff in AIDS sentinel treatment units, in order to provide a basis for the AIDS clinical occupational protection. Methods Self-designed questionnaires about the basic knowledge of occupational protection, behavior, and attitudes to HIV-related knowledge were investigated among 165 and 152 medical staff before and after the in- tervention. Results The awareness rate of doctors （82.6%） on the knowledge of AIDS-related occupational protec- tion was higher than that of nurses （60.5%）. Cognition of the underlying problems was weak. For example, 33.3 % of investigated medical staff knew the liquid in which HIV existed mainly, 24.8%knew ＂window period＂, and 21.2 % understood to take protective measures on time after occupational exposure . The probability of occupa- tional exposure before and after the intervention was 13.5% and 3.4 %, respectively, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion It is important to strengthen the education and training on occupational protec- tion on AIDS knowledge, it would be beneficial to improve ability of occupational protection, pay attention to the safe of the medical workers and prevent AIDS infection in hospital.